如何分割带分隔符的字符串，以便可以访问单个项?

使用SQL Server，我如何分割一个字符串，以便我可以访问项目x?

拿一根“你好，约翰·史密斯”的绳子。我如何通过空格分割字符串并访问索引1应该返回“约翰”的项目?

当前回答



    Alter Function dbo.fn_Split
    (
    @Expression nvarchar(max),
    @Delimiter  nvarchar(20) = ',',
    @Qualifier  char(1) = Null
    )
    RETURNS @Results TABLE (id int IDENTITY(1,1), value nvarchar(max))
    AS
    BEGIN
       /* USAGE
            Select * From dbo.fn_Split('apple pear grape banana orange honeydew cantalope 3 2 1 4', ' ', Null)
            Select * From dbo.fn_Split('1,abc,"Doe, John",4', ',', '"')
            Select * From dbo.fn_Split('Hello 0,"&""&&&&', ',', '"')
       */

       -- Declare Variables
       DECLARE
          @X     xml,
          @Temp  nvarchar(max),
          @Temp2 nvarchar(max),
          @Start int,
          @End   int

       -- HTML Encode @Expression
       Select @Expression = (Select @Expression For XML Path(''))

       -- Find all occurences of @Delimiter within @Qualifier and replace with |||***|||
       While PATINDEX('%' + @Qualifier + '%', @Expression) > 0 AND Len(IsNull(@Qualifier, '')) > 0
       BEGIN
          Select
             -- Starting character position of @Qualifier
             @Start = PATINDEX('%' + @Qualifier + '%', @Expression),
             -- @Expression starting at the @Start position
             @Temp = SubString(@Expression, @Start + 1, LEN(@Expression)-@Start+1),
             -- Next position of @Qualifier within @Expression
             @End = PATINDEX('%' + @Qualifier + '%', @Temp) - 1,
             -- The part of Expression found between the @Qualifiers
             @Temp2 = Case When @End < 0 Then @Temp Else Left(@Temp, @End) End,
             -- New @Expression
             @Expression = REPLACE(@Expression,
                                   @Qualifier + @Temp2 + Case When @End < 0 Then '' Else @Qualifier End,
                                   Replace(@Temp2, @Delimiter, '|||***|||')
                           )
       END

       -- Replace all occurences of @Delimiter within @Expression with '</fn_Split>&ltfn_Split>'
       -- And convert it to XML so we can select from it
       SET
          @X = Cast('&ltfn_Split>' +
                    Replace(@Expression, @Delimiter, '</fn_Split>&ltfn_Split>') +
                    '</fn_Split>' as xml)

       -- Insert into our returnable table replacing '|||***|||' back to @Delimiter
       INSERT @Results
       SELECT
          "Value" = LTRIM(RTrim(Replace(C.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), '|||***|||', @Delimiter)))
       FROM
          @X.nodes('fn_Split') as X(C)

       -- Return our temp table
       RETURN
    END

2013-11-05 00:12:17

其他回答

你可以在SQL中拆分字符串，而不需要函数:

DECLARE @bla varchar(MAX)
SET @bla = 'BED40DFC-F468-46DD-8017-00EF2FA3E4A4,64B59FC5-3F4D-4B0E-9A48-01F3D4F220B0,A611A108-97CA-42F3-A2E1-057165339719,E72D95EA-578F-45FC-88E5-075F66FD726C'

-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT 
    x.XmlCol.value('.', 'varchar(36)') AS val 
FROM 
(
    SELECT 
    CAST('<e>' + REPLACE(@bla, ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b 
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol);

如果需要支持任意字符串(带有xml特殊字符)

DECLARE @bla NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @bla = '<html>unsafe & safe Utf8CharsDon''tGetEncoded ÄöÜ - "Conex"<html>,Barnes & Noble,abc,def,ghi'

-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14712864/how-to-query-values-from-xml-nodes
SELECT 
    x.XmlCol.value('.', 'nvarchar(MAX)') AS val 
FROM 
(
    SELECT 
    CAST('<e>' + REPLACE((SELECT @bla FOR XML PATH('')), ',', '</e><e>') + '</e>' AS xml) AS RawXml
) AS b 
CROSS APPLY b.RawXml.nodes('e') x(XmlCol);

2015-10-23 10:07:55

以下是我的解决方案，可能会对某些人有所帮助。修改以上Jonesinator的回答。

如果我有一个带分隔符的INT值字符串，并希望返回一个INT表(然后我可以加入)。如。44岁的1,3343 6,8765年

创建一个UDF:

IF OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.ufn_GetIntTableFromDelimitedList', N'TF') IS NOT NULL
    DROP FUNCTION dbo.[ufn_GetIntTableFromDelimitedList];
GO

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.[ufn_GetIntTableFromDelimitedList](@String NVARCHAR(MAX),                 @Delimiter CHAR(1))

RETURNS @table TABLE 
(
    Value INT NOT NULL
)
AS 
BEGIN
DECLARE @Pattern NVARCHAR(3)
SET @Pattern = '%' + @Delimiter + '%'
DECLARE @Value NVARCHAR(MAX)

WHILE LEN(@String) > 0
    BEGIN
        IF PATINDEX(@Pattern, @String) > 0
        BEGIN
            SET @Value = SUBSTRING(@String, 0, PATINDEX(@Pattern, @String))
            INSERT INTO @table (Value) VALUES (@Value)

            SET @String = SUBSTRING(@String, LEN(@Value + @Delimiter) + 1, LEN(@String))
        END
        ELSE
        BEGIN
            -- Just the one value.
            INSERT INTO @table (Value) VALUES (@String)
            RETURN
        END
    END

RETURN
END
GO

然后得到表格结果:

SELECT * FROM dbo.[ufn_GetIntTableFromDelimitedList]('1,20,3,343,44,6,8765', ',')

1
20
3
343
44
6
8765

在join语句中:

SELECT [ID], [FirstName]
FROM [User] u
JOIN dbo.[ufn_GetIntTableFromDelimitedList]('1,20,3,343,44,6,8765', ',') t ON u.[ID] = t.[Value]

1    Elvis
20   Karen
3    David
343  Simon
44   Raj
6    Mike
8765 Richard

如果你想返回一个nvarchar列表而不是int，那么只需更改表定义:

RETURNS @table TABLE 
(
    Value NVARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL
)

2013-06-19 23:42:16

你可以在SQL用户定义函数解析带分隔符的字符串中找到有用的解决方案(来自代码项目)。

你可以使用这个简单的逻辑:

Declare @products varchar(200) = '1|20|3|343|44|6|8765'
Declare @individual varchar(20) = null

WHILE LEN(@products) > 0
BEGIN
    IF PATINDEX('%|%', @products) > 0
    BEGIN
        SET @individual = SUBSTRING(@products,
                                    0,
                                    PATINDEX('%|%', @products))
        SELECT @individual

        SET @products = SUBSTRING(@products,
                                  LEN(@individual + '|') + 1,
                                  LEN(@products))
    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        SET @individual = @products
        SET @products = NULL
        SELECT @individual
    END
END

2008-08-05 18:28:38

如果任何人只想获得分离文本的一部分，可以使用这个

select * from from splitstringsep ('Word1 word2 word3'，' ')

CREATE function [dbo].[SplitStringSep] 
(
    @str nvarchar(4000), 
    @separator char(1)
)
returns table
AS
return (
    with tokens(p, a, b) AS (
        select 
        1, 
        1, 
        charindex(@separator, @str)
        union all
        select
            p + 1, 
            b + 1, 
            charindex(@separator, @str, b + 1)
        from tokens
        where b > 0
        )
        select
            p-1 zeroBasedOccurance,
            substring(
                @str, 
                a, 
                case when b > 0 then b-a ELSE 4000 end) 
            AS s
        from tokens
  )

2015-02-13 09:14:22

从SQL Server 2016开始，我们使用string_split

DECLARE @string varchar(100) = 'Richard, Mike, Mark'

SELECT value FROM string_split(@string, ',')

2017-09-04 21:52:57

如何分割带分隔符的字符串，以便可以访问单个项?

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