在我的一次采访中，我被要求解释接口类和抽象类之间的区别。
以下是我的回答:
Methods of a Java interface are implicitly abstract
and cannot have implementations. A Java abstract class can have
instance methods that implements a default behaviour.
Variables declared in a Java interface are by default final. An
abstract class may contain non-final variables.
Members of a Java interface are public by default. A Java abstract
class can have the usual flavours of class members like private,
protected, etc.
A Java interface should be implemented using keyword “implements”; A
Java abstract class should be extended using keyword “extends”.
An interface can extend another Java interface only, an abstract class
can extend another Java class and implement multiple Java interfaces.
A Java class can implement multiple interfaces but it can extend only
one abstract class.
然而，面试官并不满意，他告诉我这种描述代表了“书本知识”。
他让我给出一个更实际的回答，用实际的例子解释我什么时候会选择抽象类而不是接口。
我哪里错了?
你的回答是对的，但是面试官需要你从软件工程的角度来区分，而不是根据Java的细节。
简单的单词:
An Interface is like the interface of a shop anything that is shown on it should be there in the shop, so any method in the Interface must be there implemented in the concrete class. Now what if some classes share some exact methods and varies in others. Suppose the Interface is about a shop that contains two things and suppose we have two shops both contain sport equipment but one has clothes extra and the other has shoes extra. So what you do is making an abstract class for Sport that implements the Sports method and leave the other method unimplemented. Abstract class here means that this shop doesn't exist itself but it is the base for other classes/shops. This way you are organising the code, avoiding errors of replicating the code, unifying the code, and ensuring re-usability by some other class.
我相信面试官想要了解的可能是界面和实现之间的区别。
代码模块的接口——不是Java接口，更通用的说法是“接口”——基本上是与使用该接口的客户端代码之间的契约。
代码模块的实现是使模块工作的内部代码。通常，您可以以多种不同的方式实现特定的接口，甚至可以在客户机代码不知道更改的情况下更改实现。
A Java interface should only be used as an interface in the above generic sense, to define how the class behaves for the benefit of client code using the class, without specifying any implementation. Thus, an interface includes method signatures - the names, return types, and argument lists - for methods expected to be called by client code, and in principle should have plenty of Javadoc for each method describing what that method does. The most compelling reason for using an interface is if you plan to have multiple different implementations of the interface, perhaps selecting an implementation depending on deployment configuration.
A Java abstract class, in contrast, provides a partial implementation of the class, rather than having a primary purpose of specifying an interface. It should be used when multiple classes share code, but when the subclasses are also expected to provide part of the implementation. This permits the shared code to appear in only one place - the abstract class - while making it clear that parts of the implementation are not present in the abstract class and are expected to be provided by subclasses.
接口与抽象类的基本区别在于，接口支持多重继承，而抽象类不支持。
在抽象类中，你也可以提供所有的抽象方法，比如接口。
为什么需要抽象类?
在某些情况下，当处理用户请求时，抽象类并不知道用户的意图。在该场景中，我们将在类中定义一个抽象方法，并询问用户谁扩展了这个类，请在抽象方法中提供您的意图。在这种情况下，抽象类非常有用
为什么需要接口?
比如说，我有一份工作，但我在这方面没有经验。的例子,
如果你想建造一座建筑或大坝，那么在这种情况下你会怎么做?
你将确定你的需求是什么，并根据这些需求制定一份合同。
然后打电话给投标者来构建你的项目
无论谁建造这个项目，都应该满足你的要求。但是不同厂商的构造逻辑是不同的。
这里我不关心它们是如何构造的。最终的目标是否满足我的要求，这只是我的关键点。
在这里，你的需求称为接口，构造函数称为实现者。
