我这样做的方法之一是通过创建一个具有常量值的“全局”类，并在需要访问常量的类中进行静态导入。

I use static final to declare constants and go with the ALL_CAPS naming notation. I have seen quite a few real life instances where all constants are bunched together into an interface. A few posts have rightly called that a bad practice, primarily because that's not what an interface is for. An interface should enforce a contract and should not be a place to put unrelated constants in. Putting it together into a class that cannot be instantiated (through a private constructor) too is fine if the constant semantics don't belong to a specific class(es). I always put a constant in the class that it's most related to, because that makes sense and is also easily maintainable.

枚举是表示一组值的好选择，但是如果您要存储强调绝对值的独立常量(例如。TIMEOUT = 100 ms)你可以直接使用静态的final方法。

有一定的观点来回答这个问题。首先，java中的常量通常被声明为public、static和final。原因如下:

public, so that they are accessible from everywhere
static, so that they can be accessed without any instance. Since they are constants it
  makes little sense to duplicate them for every object.
final, since they should not be allowed to change

我永远不会为CONSTANTS访问器/对象使用接口，因为接口通常是需要实现的。这看起来是不是很有趣:

String myConstant = IMyInterface.CONSTANTX;

相反，我会在一些不同的方法中进行选择，基于一些小的权衡，所以这取决于你需要什么:

1.  Use a regular enum with a default/private constructor. Most people would define 
     constants this way, IMHO.
  - drawback: cannot effectively Javadoc each constant member
  - advantage: var members are implicitly public, static, and final
  - advantage: type-safe
  - provides "a limited constructor" in a special way that only takes args which match
     predefined 'public static final' keys, thus limiting what you can pass to the
     constructor

2.  Use a altered enum WITHOUT a constructor, having all variables defined with 
     prefixed 'public static final' .
  - looks funny just having a floating semi-colon in the code
  - advantage: you can JavaDoc each variable with an explanation
  - drawback: you still have to put explicit 'public static final' before each variable
  - drawback: not type-safe
  - no 'limited constructor'

3.  Use a Class with a private constructor:
  - advantage: you can JavaDoc each variable with an explanation
  - drawback: you have to put explicit 'public static final' before each variable
  - you have the option of having a constructor to create an instance
     of the class if you want to provide additional functions related
     to your constants 
     (or just keep the constructor private)
  - drawback: not type-safe

4. Using interface:
  - advantage: you can JavaDoc each variable with an explanation
  - advantage: var members are implicitly 'public static final'
  - you are able to define default interface methods if you want to provide additional
     functions related to your constants (only if you implement the interface)
  - drawback: not type-safe

只是要避免使用接口:

public interface MyConstants {
    String CONSTANT_ONE = "foo";
}

public class NeddsConstant implements MyConstants {

}

这很诱人，但违反了封装，并且模糊了类定义的区别。

我强烈建议不要只使用一个常量类。这在当时看起来是一个好主意，但是当开发人员拒绝记录常量，并且类增长到包含500个以上彼此完全不相关的常量(与应用程序的完全不同方面相关)时，通常会导致常量文件完全不可读。而不是:

If you have access to Java 5+, use enums to define your specific constants for an application area. All parts of the application area should refer to enums, not constant values, for these constants. You may declare an enum similar to how you declare a class. Enums are perhaps the most (and, arguably, only) useful feature of Java 5+. If you have constants that are only valid to a particular class or one of its subclasses, declare them as either protected or public and place them on the top class in the hierarchy. This way, the subclasses can access these constant values (and if other classes access them via public, the constants aren't only valid to a particular class...which means that the external classes using this constant may be too tightly coupled to the class containing the constant) If you have an interface with behavior defined, but returned values or argument values should be particular, it is perfectly acceptible to define constants on that interface so that other implementors will have access to them. However, avoid creating an interface just to hold constants: it can become just as bad as a class created just to hold constants.

这是正确的做法。

通常，常量不会保存在单独的“常量”类中，因为它们是不可发现的。如果常量与当前类相关，那么保留它们有助于下一个开发人员。