要获取类型，使用__class__成员，如unknown_thing.__class__

Talk of duck-typing is useless here because it doesn't answer a perfectly good question. In my application code I never need to know the type of something, but it's still useful to have a way to learn an object's type. Sometimes I need to get the actual class to validate a unit test. Duck typing gets in the way there because all possible objects have the same API, but only one is correct. Also, sometimes I'm maintaining somebody else's code, and I have no idea what kind of object I've been passed. This is my biggest problem with dynamically typed languages like Python. Version 1 is very easy and quick to develop. Version 2 is a pain in the buns, especially if you didn't write version 1. So sometimes, when I'm working with a function I didn't write, I need to know the type of a parameter, just so I know what methods I can call on it.

这就是__class__参数派上用场的地方。这(据我所知)是获取对象类型的最佳方法(可能是唯一的方法)。

我想这个就可以了

if isinstance(obj, str)

isinstance()

在你的例子中，isinstance("this is a string"， str)将返回True。

你可能还想读这个:http://www.canonical.org/~kragen/isinstance/

您可以比较类的检查级别。

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8

class A(object):
    def t(self):
        print 'A'
    def r(self):
        print 'rA',
        self.t()

class B(A):
    def t(self):
        print 'B'

class C(A):
    def t(self):
        print 'C'

class D(B, C):
    def t(self):
        print 'D',
        super(D, self).t()

class E(C, B):
    pass

d = D()
d.t()
d.r()

e = E()
e.t()
e.r()

print isinstance(e, D) # False
print isinstance(e, E) # True
print isinstance(e, C) # True
print isinstance(e, B) # True
print isinstance(e, (A,)) # True
print e.__class__ >= A, #False
print e.__class__ <= C, #False
print e.__class__ <  E, #False
print e.__class__ <= E  #True

你很接近了!字符串是模块，不是类型。你可能想比较obj的类型和字符串的类型对象，即str:

type(obj) == str  # this works because str is already a type

另外:

type(obj) == type('')

注意，在python2中，如果obj是unicode类型，那么上述两种方法都不能工作。isinstance()也不会。看看约翰对这篇文章的评论，了解如何解决这个问题……我已经试着记住它大约10分钟了，但是有一个记忆块!

使用str代替string

type ( obj ) == str

解释

>>> a = "Hello"
>>> type(a)==str
True
>>> type(a)
<type 'str'>
>>>