我已经用下面这个成语有一段时间了。这似乎是传播最广的,至少在我访问过的网站上。

在Java中有没有更好/不同的方法将文件读入字符串?

private String readFile(String file) throws IOException {
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader (file));
    String         line = null;
    StringBuilder  stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    String         ls = System.getProperty("line.separator");

    try {
        while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            stringBuilder.append(line);
            stringBuilder.append(ls);
        }

        return stringBuilder.toString();
    } finally {
        reader.close();
    }
}

当前回答

这一个使用RandomAccessFile.readFully方法,它似乎可以从JDK 1.0中获得!

public static String readFileContent(String filename, Charset charset) throws IOException {
    RandomAccessFile raf = null;
    try {
        raf = new RandomAccessFile(filename, "r");
        byte[] buffer = new byte[(int)raf.length()];
        raf.readFully(buffer);
        return new String(buffer, charset);
    } finally {
        closeStream(raf);
    }
} 


private static void closeStream(Closeable c) {
    if (c != null) {
        try {
            c.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            // do nothing
        }
    }
}

其他回答

在java8中,有一个新类

java.util.stream.stream流

流表示一系列元素,并支持对这些元素执行计算的不同类型的操作

阅读更多信息:

Oracle文档

这里有一个例子:

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public Class ReadFile{
  public  static String readFile(String filePath) {
 StringBuilder  stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    String ls = System.getProperty("line.separator");
        try {

            try (Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(filePath), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
                for (String line : (Iterable<String>) lines::iterator) {


                      stringBuilder.append(line);
                      stringBuilder.append(ls);


                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

      return stringBuilder.toString(); 


}

}

根据@erickson的回答,您可以使用:

public String readAll(String fileName) throws IOException {
    List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(new File(fileName).toPath());
    return String.join("\n", lines.toArray(new String[lines.size()]));
}

使用此库时,只有一行:

String data = IO.from(new File("data.txt")).toString();

如果您愿意使用外部库,请查看ApacheCommonsIO(200KBJAR)。它包含一个org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.readFileToString()方法,该方法允许您用一行代码将整个文件读取为字符串。

例子:

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import org.apache.commons.io.*;

public String readFile() throws IOException {
    File file = new File("data.txt");
    return FileUtils.readFileToString(file, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
import java.nio.file.Files;

.......

 String readFile(String filename) {
            File f = new File(filename);
            try {
                byte[] bytes = Files.readAllBytes(f.toPath());
                return new String(bytes,"UTF-8");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return "";
    }