你也可以使用pathlib。

from pathlib2 import Path
path = Path(file_to_search)
text = path.read_text()
text = text.replace(text_to_search, replacement_text)
path.write_text(text)

使用单个With块，您可以搜索和替换您的文本:

with open('file.txt','r+') as f:
    filedata = f.read()
    filedata = filedata.replace('abc','xyz')
    f.truncate(0)
    f.write(filedata)

我试过用readline代替read

with open('dummy.txt','r') as file:
    list = file.readlines()
print(f'before removal {list}')
for i in list[:]:
        list.remove(i)

print(f'After removal {list}')
with open('dummy.txt','w+') as f:
    for i in list:
        f.write(i)

我的变种，在整个文件中一次一个词。

我把它读进了记忆。

def replace_word(infile,old_word,new_word):
    if not os.path.isfile(infile):
        print ("Error on replace_word, not a regular file: "+infile)
        sys.exit(1)

    f1=open(infile,'r').read()
    f2=open(infile,'w')
    m=f1.replace(old_word,new_word)
    f2.write(m)

我已经把这个作为一个课程的练习:打开文件，找到并替换字符串，并写入一个新文件。

class Letter:

    def __init__(self):

        with open("./Input/Names/invited_names.txt", "r") as file:
            # read the list of names
            list_names = [line.rstrip() for line in file]
            with open("./Input/Letters/starting_letter.docx", "r") as f:
                # read letter
                file_source = f.read()
            for name in list_names:
                with open(f"./Output/ReadyToSend/LetterTo{name}.docx", "w") as f:
                    # replace [name] with name of the list in the file
                    replace_string = file_source.replace('[name]', name)
                    # write to a new file
                    f.write(replace_string)


brief = Letter()

使用re.subn可以对替换过程进行更多的控制，例如将单词分成两行，区分大小写的匹配。此外，它返回匹配的数量，如果没有找到字符串，可以使用这些匹配来避免浪费资源。

import re

file = # path to file

# they can be also raw string and regex
textToSearch = r'Ha.*O' # here an example with a regex
textToReplace = 'hallo'

# read and replace
with open(file, 'r') as fd:
    # sample case-insensitive find-and-replace
    text, counter = re.subn(textToSearch, textToReplace, fd.read(), re.I)

# check if there is at least a  match
if counter > 0:
    # edit the file
    with open(file, 'w') as fd:
        fd.write(text)

# summary result
print(f'{counter} occurence of "{textToSearch}" were replaced with "{textToReplace}".')

一些正则表达式:

添加re.I标志，re.IGNORECASE的缩写形式，用于不区分大小写的匹配 对于多行替换re.subn(r'\n*'.join(textToSearch)， textToReplace, fd.read()))，取决于数据也'\n{，1}'。注意，在这种情况下，textToSearch必须是纯字符串，而不是正则表达式!