如何搜索和替换文件中的文本?

如何使用python3搜索和替换文件中的文本?

这是我的代码:

import os
import sys
import fileinput

print ("Text to search for:")
textToSearch = input( "> " )

print ("Text to replace it with:")
textToReplace = input( "> " )

print ("File to perform Search-Replace on:")
fileToSearch  = input( "> " )
#fileToSearch = 'D:\dummy1.txt'

tempFile = open( fileToSearch, 'r+' )

for line in fileinput.input( fileToSearch ):
    if textToSearch in line :
        print('Match Found')
    else:
        print('Match Not Found!!')
    tempFile.write( line.replace( textToSearch, textToReplace ) )
tempFile.close()


input( '\n\n Press Enter to exit...' )

输入文件:

hi this is abcd hi this is abcd
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works abcd

当我在上面的输入文件中搜索并将“ram”替换为“abcd”时，它就像一个咒语。但当我反过来做，即替换'abcd'由'ram'，一些垃圾字符被留在最后。

将'abcd'替换为'ram'

hi this is ram hi this is ram
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works rambcd

当前回答

正如michaelb958所指出的，不能用不同长度的数据替换现有的部分，因为这会使其余部分不合适。我不同意其他人建议你从一个文件读到另一个文件。相反，我将把文件读入内存，修复数据，然后在单独的步骤中将其写入相同的文件。

# Read in the file
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file :
  filedata = file.read()

# Replace the target string
filedata = filedata.replace('abcd', 'ram')

# Write the file out again
with open('file.txt', 'w') as file:
  file.write(filedata)

除非你有一个巨大的文件要处理，它太大了，无法一次性加载到内存中，或者你担心如果在向文件写入数据的第二步过程中中断，可能会导致数据丢失。

2013-06-17 06:29:50

其他回答

以读模式打开文件。以字符串格式读取文件。替换文本。关闭文件。再次以写模式打开文件。最后，将替换后的文本写入相同的文件。

try:
    with open("file_name", "r+") as text_file:
        texts = text_file.read()
        texts = texts.replace("to_replace", "replace_string")
    with open(file_name, "w") as text_file:
        text_file.write(texts)
except FileNotFoundError as f:
    print("Could not find the file you are trying to read.")

2021-04-16 17:40:43

def findReplace(find, replace):

    import os 

    src = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.pardir) 

    for path, dirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(src)):

        for name in files: 

            if name.endswith('.py'): 

                filepath = os.path.join(path, name)

                with open(filepath) as f: 

                    s = f.read()

                s = s.replace(find, replace) 

                with open(filepath, "w") as f:

                    f.write(s)

2018-06-20 10:06:18

我是这样做的:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import fileinput
import os

Dir = input ("Source directory: ")
os.chdir(Dir)

Filelist = os.listdir()
print('File list: ',Filelist)

NomeFile = input ("Insert file name: ")

CarOr = input ("Text to search: ")

CarNew = input ("New text: ")

with fileinput.FileInput(NomeFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
    for line in file:
        print(line.replace(CarOr, CarNew), end='')

file.close ()

2017-02-16 21:26:18

你也可以使用pathlib。

from pathlib2 import Path
path = Path(file_to_search)
text = path.read_text()
text = text.replace(text_to_search, replacement_text)
path.write_text(text)

2019-02-08 02:24:59

我也有同样的问题。问题是，当你在变量中加载一个.txt时，你把它当作一个字符串数组使用，而它是一个字符数组。

swapString = []
with open(filepath) as f: 
    s = f.read()
for each in s:
    swapString.append(str(each).replace('this','that'))
s = swapString
print(s)

2021-02-26 13:07:27

如何搜索和替换文件中的文本?

推荐文章

最新文章

标签