如何使用python3搜索和替换文件中的文本?

这是我的代码:

import os
import sys
import fileinput

print ("Text to search for:")
textToSearch = input( "> " )

print ("Text to replace it with:")
textToReplace = input( "> " )

print ("File to perform Search-Replace on:")
fileToSearch  = input( "> " )
#fileToSearch = 'D:\dummy1.txt'

tempFile = open( fileToSearch, 'r+' )

for line in fileinput.input( fileToSearch ):
    if textToSearch in line :
        print('Match Found')
    else:
        print('Match Not Found!!')
    tempFile.write( line.replace( textToSearch, textToReplace ) )
tempFile.close()


input( '\n\n Press Enter to exit...' )

输入文件:

hi this is abcd hi this is abcd
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works abcd

当我在上面的输入文件中搜索并将“ram”替换为“abcd”时,它就像一个咒语。但当我反过来做,即替换'abcd'由'ram',一些垃圾字符被留在最后。

将'abcd'替换为'ram'

hi this is ram hi this is ram
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works rambcd

当前回答

晚回答,但这是我用来在文本文件中查找和替换的:

with open("test.txt") as r:
  text = r.read().replace("THIS", "THAT")
with open("test.txt", "w") as w:
  w.write(text)

DEMO

其他回答

我也有同样的问题。问题是,当你在变量中加载一个.txt时,你把它当作一个字符串数组使用,而它是一个字符数组。

swapString = []
with open(filepath) as f: 
    s = f.read()
for each in s:
    swapString.append(str(each).replace('this','that'))
s = swapString
print(s)

你可以这样做替换

f1 = open('file1.txt', 'r')
f2 = open('file2.txt', 'w')
for line in f1:
    f2.write(line.replace('old_text', 'new_text'))
f1.close()
f2.close()

您的问题源于读取和写入同一个文件。与其打开fileToSearch进行写入,不如打开一个实际的临时文件,然后在您完成并关闭tempFile之后,使用os。rename将新文件移动到fileToSearch上。

我是这样做的:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import fileinput
import os

Dir = input ("Source directory: ")
os.chdir(Dir)

Filelist = os.listdir()
print('File list: ',Filelist)

NomeFile = input ("Insert file name: ")

CarOr = input ("Text to search: ")

CarNew = input ("New text: ")

with fileinput.FileInput(NomeFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
    for line in file:
        print(line.replace(CarOr, CarNew), end='')

file.close ()

我试过用readline代替read

with open('dummy.txt','r') as file:
    list = file.readlines()
print(f'before removal {list}')
for i in list[:]:
        list.remove(i)

print(f'After removal {list}')
with open('dummy.txt','w+') as f:
    for i in list:
        f.write(i)