自版本2018-09-15 (3.25.0) Sqlite支持重命名列

https://sqlite.org/changes.html

创建一个具有所需列名的新列:COLNew。

ALTER TABLE {tableName} ADD COLUMN COLNew {type};

将旧列COLOld的内容复制到新列COLNew。

INSERT INTO {tableName} (COLNew) SELECT {COLOld} FROM {tableName}

注:以上一行必须使用括号。

修改表列< id >为< _id >

 String LastId = "id";

    database.execSQL("ALTER TABLE " + PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME + " RENAME TO " + PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME + "old");
    database.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME
    +"("
            + PhraseContract.COLUMN_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
            + PhraseContract.COLUMN_PHRASE + " text ,"
            + PhraseContract.COLUMN_ORDER  + " text ,"
            + PhraseContract.COLUMN_FROM_A_LANG + " text"
    +")"
    );
    database.execSQL("INSERT INTO " +
            PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME + "("+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_ID +" , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_PHRASE + " , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_ORDER +" , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_FROM_A_LANG +")" +
            " SELECT " + LastId +" , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_PHRASE + " , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_ORDER +" , "+ PhraseContract.COLUMN_FROM_A_LANG +
            " FROM " + PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME + "old");
    database.execSQL("DROP TABLE " + PhraseContract.TABLE_NAME + "old");

在挖掘中，我发现了这个多平台(Linux | Mac | Windows)图形化工具，称为DB Browser for SQLite，它实际上允许用户以一种非常用户友好的方式重命名列!

Edit | Modify Table |选中“Table | Edit Field”。点击点击!瞧!

然而，如果有人想分享一种程序化的方式来做这件事，我很乐意知道!

案例1:SQLite 3.25.0+

只有SQLite的3.25.0版本支持重命名列。如果你的设备满足这个要求，事情就很简单了。下面的查询可以解决你的问题:

ALTER TABLE "MyTable" RENAME COLUMN "OldColumn" TO "NewColumn";

案例2:SQLite旧版本

你必须遵循不同的方法来得到结果，这可能有点棘手

例如，如果你有一个这样的表:

CREATE TABLE student(Name TEXT, Department TEXT, Location TEXT)

如果您希望更改列Location的名称

步骤1:重命名原始表:

ALTER TABLE student RENAME TO student_temp;

步骤2:现在用正确的列名创建一个新表student:

CREATE TABLE student(Name TEXT, Department TEXT, Address TEXT)

步骤3:将原表中的数据复制到新表中:

INSERT INTO student(Name, Department, Address) SELECT Name, Department, Location FROM student_temp;

注意:上面的命令应该是一行。

步骤4:删除原来的表:

DROP TABLE student_temp;

通过这四个步骤，您可以手动更改任何SQLite表。 请记住，您还需要在新表上重新创建索引、查看器或触发器。

来自官方文件

对于某些不以任何方式影响磁盘上内容的更改，可以选择使用更简单、更快的过程。以下更简单的过程适用于删除CHECK或FOREIGN KEY或NOT NULL约束，重命名列，或添加、删除或更改列上的默认值。

Start a transaction. Run PRAGMA schema_version to determine the current schema version number. This number will be needed for step 6 below. Activate schema editing using PRAGMA writable_schema=ON. Run an UPDATE statement to change the definition of table X in the sqlite_master table: UPDATE sqlite_master SET sql=... WHERE type='table' AND name='X'; Caution: Making a change to the sqlite_master table like this will render the database corrupt and unreadable if the change contains a syntax error. It is suggested that careful testing of the UPDATE statement be done on a separate blank database prior to using it on a database containing important data. If the change to table X also affects other tables or indexes or triggers are views within schema, then run UPDATE statements to modify those other tables indexes and views too. For example, if the name of a column changes, all FOREIGN KEY constraints, triggers, indexes, and views that refer to that column must be modified. Caution: Once again, making changes to the sqlite_master table like this will render the database corrupt and unreadable if the change contains an error. Carefully test of this entire procedure on a separate test database prior to using it on a database containing important data and/or make backup copies of important databases prior to running this procedure. Increment the schema version number using PRAGMA schema_version=X where X is one more than the old schema version number found in step 2 above. Disable schema editing using PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF. (Optional) Run PRAGMA integrity_check to verify that the schema changes did not damage the database. Commit the transaction started on step 1 above.