我试图使用片段与一个ViewPager使用FragmentPagerAdapter。
我想要实现的是替换一个片段,位于ViewPager的第一页,与另一个。
寻呼机由两个页面组成。第一个是FirstPagerFragment,第二个是SecondPagerFragment。点击第一页的一个按钮。我想用NextFragment替换FirstPagerFragment。
下面是我的代码。
public class FragmentPagerActivity extends FragmentActivity {
static final int NUM_ITEMS = 2;
MyAdapter mAdapter;
ViewPager mPager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.fragment_pager);
mAdapter = new MyAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
mPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
/**
* Pager Adapter
*/
public static class MyAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
public MyAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
super(fm);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return NUM_ITEMS;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
if(position == 0) {
return FirstPageFragment.newInstance();
} else {
return SecondPageFragment.newInstance();
}
}
}
/**
* Second Page FRAGMENT
*/
public static class SecondPageFragment extends Fragment {
public static SecondPageFragment newInstance() {
SecondPageFragment f = new SecondPageFragment();
return f;
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//Log.d("DEBUG", "onCreateView");
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.second, container, false);
}
}
/**
* FIRST PAGE FRAGMENT
*/
public static class FirstPageFragment extends Fragment {
Button button;
public static FirstPageFragment newInstance() {
FirstPageFragment f = new FirstPageFragment();
return f;
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//Log.d("DEBUG", "onCreateView");
View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.first, container, false);
button = (Button) root.findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
FragmentTransaction trans = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
trans.replace(R.id.first_fragment_root_id, NextFragment.newInstance());
trans.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN);
trans.addToBackStack(null);
trans.commit();
}
});
return root;
}
/**
* Next Page FRAGMENT in the First Page
*/
public static class NextFragment extends Fragment {
public static NextFragment newInstance() {
NextFragment f = new NextFragment();
return f;
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//Log.d("DEBUG", "onCreateView");
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.next, container, false);
}
}
}
...这里是XML文件
fragment_pager.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="4dip"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
android:id="@+id/pager"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1">
</android.support.v4.view.ViewPager>
</LinearLayout>
first.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/first_fragment_root_id"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="to next"/>
</LinearLayout>
现在的问题是……我应该使用哪个ID
trans.replace(R.id.first_fragment_root_id, NextFragment.newInstance());
?
如果我用r。id。first_fragment_root_id,替换工作,但Hierarchy Viewer显示一个奇怪的行为,如下所示。
一开始的情况是
更换后的情况是
正如你所看到的,有一些错误,我希望在替换片段后找到与第一张图片中相同的状态。
要替换ViewPager中的片段,你可以将ViewPager、PagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter类的源代码移动到你的项目中,并添加以下代码。
分为:viewpage:
public void notifyItemChanged(Object oldItem, Object newItem) {
if (mItems != null) {
for (ItemInfo itemInfo : mItems) {
if (itemInfo.object.equals(oldItem)) {
itemInfo.object = newItem;
}
}
}
invalidate();
}
FragmentStatePagerAdapter:
public void replaceFragmetns(ViewPager container, Fragment oldFragment, Fragment newFragment) {
startUpdate(container);
// remove old fragment
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
int position = getFragmentPosition(oldFragment);
while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
mSavedState.add(null);
}
mSavedState.set(position, null);
mFragments.set(position, null);
mCurTransaction.remove(oldFragment);
// add new fragment
while (mFragments.size() <= position) {
mFragments.add(null);
}
mFragments.set(position, newFragment);
mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), newFragment);
finishUpdate(container);
// ensure getItem returns newFragemtn after calling handleGetItemInbalidated()
handleGetItemInbalidated(container, oldFragment, newFragment);
container.notifyItemChanged(oldFragment, newFragment);
}
protected abstract void handleGetItemInbalidated(View container, Fragment oldFragment, Fragment newFragment);
protected abstract int getFragmentPosition(Fragment fragment);
handleGetItemInvalidated()确保下一次调用getItem()后返回newFragment
getFragmentPosition()返回片段在适配器中的位置。
现在,替换片段调用
mAdapter.replaceFragmetns(mViewPager, oldFragment, newFragment);
如果你对一个示例项目感兴趣,请向我索取资源。
替换viewpager中的片段是相当复杂的,但这是非常可能的,可以看起来超级光滑。首先,您需要让viewpager本身处理片段的删除和添加。发生的事情是,当你替换SearchFragment内部的片段时,你的viewpager保留它的片段视图。因此,您最终会得到一个空白页,因为当您试图替换它时,SearchFragment会被删除。
解决方案是在viewpager内部创建一个侦听器,它将处理在viewpager外部所做的更改,因此首先将这段代码添加到适配器的底部。
public interface nextFragmentListener {
public void fragment0Changed(String newFragmentIdentification);
}
然后你需要在你的viewpager中创建一个私有类,当你想要改变你的片段时,它会成为一个监听器。例如,你可以加上这样的东西。注意,它实现了刚刚创建的接口。因此,无论何时调用此方法,它都将在下面的类中运行代码。
private final class fragmentChangeListener implements nextFragmentListener {
@Override
public void fragment0Changed(String fragment) {
//I will explain the purpose of fragment0 in a moment
fragment0 = fragment;
manager.beginTransaction().remove(fragAt0).commit();
switch (fragment){
case "searchFragment":
fragAt0 = SearchFragment.newInstance(listener);
break;
case "searchResultFragment":
fragAt0 = Fragment_Table.newInstance(listener);
break;
}
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
这里主要有两点需要指出:
fragAt0 is a "flexible" fragment. It can take on whatever fragment type you give it. This allows it to become your best friend in changing the fragment at position 0 to the fragment you desire.
Notice the listeners that are placed in the 'newInstance(listener)constructor. These are how you will callfragment0Changed(String newFragmentIdentification)`. The following code shows how you create the listener inside of your fragment.
static nextFragmentListener listenerSearch;
public static Fragment_Journals newInstance(nextFragmentListener listener){
listenerSearch = listener;
return new Fragment_Journals();
}
您可以在onPostExecute内部调用更改
private class SearchAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>{
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params){
.
.//some more operation
.
}
protected void onPostExecute(Void param){
listenerSearch.fragment0Changed("searchResultFragment");
}
}
这将触发viewpager内部的代码来切换位置为零位fragAt0的片段,成为一个新的searchResultFragment。在viewpager发挥作用之前,还需要添加另外两个小部件。
一个是在viewpager的getItem重写方法中。
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int index) {
switch (index) {
case 0:
//this is where it will "remember" which fragment you have just selected. the key is to set a static String fragment at the top of your page that will hold the position that you had just selected.
if(fragAt0 == null){
switch(fragment0){
case "searchFragment":
fragAt0 = FragmentSearch.newInstance(listener);
break;
case "searchResultsFragment":
fragAt0 = FragmentSearchResults.newInstance(listener);
break;
}
}
return fragAt0;
case 1:
// Games fragment activity
return new CreateFragment();
}
现在,如果没有这最后一块,你仍然会得到一张白纸。有点蹩脚,但它是viewPager的必要部分。你必须重写viewpager的getItemPosition方法。通常这个方法将返回POSITION_UNCHANGED,它告诉viewpager保持所有内容相同,因此永远不会调用getItem来将新的片段放在页面上。这里有一个你可以做的例子
public int getItemPosition(Object object)
{
//object is the current fragment displayed at position 0.
if(object instanceof SearchFragment && fragAt0 instanceof SearchResultFragment){
return POSITION_NONE;
//this condition is for when you press back
}else if{(object instanceof SearchResultFragment && fragAt0 instanceof SearchFragment){
return POSITION_NONE;
}
return POSITION_UNCHANGED
}
如我所说,代码非常复杂,但您基本上必须为您的情况创建一个自定义适配器。我所提到的内容将使更改片段成为可能。这可能需要很长时间来消化一切,所以我会有耐心,但一切都会有意义的。这是完全值得花时间的,因为它可以做出一个非常漂亮的应用程序。
这里是处理后退按钮的块。你把这个放到MainActivity中
public void onBackPressed() {
if(mViewPager.getCurrentItem() == 0) {
if(pagerAdapter.getItem(0) instanceof FragmentSearchResults){
((Fragment_Table) pagerAdapter.getItem(0)).backPressed();
}else if (pagerAdapter.getItem(0) instanceof FragmentSearch) {
finish();
}
}
您需要在FragmentSearchResults中创建一个名为backPressed()的方法,该方法调用fragment0changed。这与我之前展示的代码一起处理按下后退按钮。祝您在更改viewpager的代码中好运。这需要大量的工作,据我所知,没有任何快速的适应。就像我说的,你基本上是在创建一个自定义viewpager适配器,并让它使用侦听器处理所有必要的更改
要替换ViewPager中的片段,你可以将ViewPager、PagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter类的源代码移动到你的项目中,并添加以下代码。
分为:viewpage:
public void notifyItemChanged(Object oldItem, Object newItem) {
if (mItems != null) {
for (ItemInfo itemInfo : mItems) {
if (itemInfo.object.equals(oldItem)) {
itemInfo.object = newItem;
}
}
}
invalidate();
}
FragmentStatePagerAdapter:
public void replaceFragmetns(ViewPager container, Fragment oldFragment, Fragment newFragment) {
startUpdate(container);
// remove old fragment
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
int position = getFragmentPosition(oldFragment);
while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
mSavedState.add(null);
}
mSavedState.set(position, null);
mFragments.set(position, null);
mCurTransaction.remove(oldFragment);
// add new fragment
while (mFragments.size() <= position) {
mFragments.add(null);
}
mFragments.set(position, newFragment);
mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), newFragment);
finishUpdate(container);
// ensure getItem returns newFragemtn after calling handleGetItemInbalidated()
handleGetItemInbalidated(container, oldFragment, newFragment);
container.notifyItemChanged(oldFragment, newFragment);
}
protected abstract void handleGetItemInbalidated(View container, Fragment oldFragment, Fragment newFragment);
protected abstract int getFragmentPosition(Fragment fragment);
handleGetItemInvalidated()确保下一次调用getItem()后返回newFragment
getFragmentPosition()返回片段在适配器中的位置。
现在,替换片段调用
mAdapter.replaceFragmetns(mViewPager, oldFragment, newFragment);
如果你对一个示例项目感兴趣,请向我索取资源。
我也做了一个解决方案,那就是与Stacks合作。这是一种更模块化的方法,所以你不必在FragmentPagerAdapter中指定每个Fragment和Detail Fragment。它建立在ActionbarSherlock的示例之上,如果我是对的,它来自谷歌演示应用程序。
/**
* This is a helper class that implements the management of tabs and all
* details of connecting a ViewPager with associated TabHost. It relies on a
* trick. Normally a tab host has a simple API for supplying a View or
* Intent that each tab will show. This is not sufficient for switching
* between pages. So instead we make the content part of the tab host
* 0dp high (it is not shown) and the TabsAdapter supplies its own dummy
* view to show as the tab content. It listens to changes in tabs, and takes
* care of switch to the correct paged in the ViewPager whenever the selected
* tab changes.
*
* Changed to support more Layers of fragments on each Tab.
* by sebnapi (2012)
*
*/
public class TabsAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter
implements TabHost.OnTabChangeListener, ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener {
private final Context mContext;
private final TabHost mTabHost;
private final ViewPager mViewPager;
private ArrayList<String> mTabTags = new ArrayList<String>();
private HashMap<String, Stack<TabInfo>> mTabStackMap = new HashMap<String, Stack<TabInfo>>();
static final class TabInfo {
public final String tag;
public final Class<?> clss;
public Bundle args;
TabInfo(String _tag, Class<?> _class, Bundle _args) {
tag = _tag;
clss = _class;
args = _args;
}
}
static class DummyTabFactory implements TabHost.TabContentFactory {
private final Context mContext;
public DummyTabFactory(Context context) {
mContext = context;
}
@Override
public View createTabContent(String tag) {
View v = new View(mContext);
v.setMinimumWidth(0);
v.setMinimumHeight(0);
return v;
}
}
public interface SaveStateBundle{
public Bundle onRemoveFragment(Bundle outState);
}
public TabsAdapter(FragmentActivity activity, TabHost tabHost, ViewPager pager) {
super(activity.getSupportFragmentManager());
mContext = activity;
mTabHost = tabHost;
mViewPager = pager;
mTabHost.setOnTabChangedListener(this);
mViewPager.setAdapter(this);
mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(this);
}
/**
* Add a Tab which will have Fragment Stack. Add Fragments on this Stack by using
* addFragment(FragmentManager fm, String _tag, Class<?> _class, Bundle _args)
* The Stack will hold always the default Fragment u add here.
*
* DON'T ADD Tabs with same tag, it's not beeing checked and results in unexpected
* beahvior.
*
* @param tabSpec
* @param clss
* @param args
*/
public void addTab(TabHost.TabSpec tabSpec, Class<?> clss, Bundle args){
Stack<TabInfo> tabStack = new Stack<TabInfo>();
tabSpec.setContent(new DummyTabFactory(mContext));
mTabHost.addTab(tabSpec);
String tag = tabSpec.getTag();
TabInfo info = new TabInfo(tag, clss, args);
mTabTags.add(tag); // to know the position of the tab tag
tabStack.add(info);
mTabStackMap.put(tag, tabStack);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
/**
* Will add the Fragment to Tab with the Tag _tag. Provide the Class of the Fragment
* it will be instantiated by this object. Proivde _args for your Fragment.
*
* @param fm
* @param _tag
* @param _class
* @param _args
*/
public void addFragment(FragmentManager fm, String _tag, Class<?> _class, Bundle _args){
TabInfo info = new TabInfo(_tag, _class, _args);
Stack<TabInfo> tabStack = mTabStackMap.get(_tag);
Fragment frag = fm.findFragmentByTag("android:switcher:" + mViewPager.getId() + ":" + mTabTags.indexOf(_tag));
if(frag instanceof SaveStateBundle){
Bundle b = new Bundle();
((SaveStateBundle) frag).onRemoveFragment(b);
tabStack.peek().args = b;
}
tabStack.add(info);
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.remove(frag).commit();
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
/**
* Will pop the Fragment added to the Tab with the Tag _tag
*
* @param fm
* @param _tag
* @return
*/
public boolean popFragment(FragmentManager fm, String _tag){
Stack<TabInfo> tabStack = mTabStackMap.get(_tag);
if(tabStack.size()>1){
tabStack.pop();
Fragment frag = fm.findFragmentByTag("android:switcher:" + mViewPager.getId() + ":" + mTabTags.indexOf(_tag));
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.remove(frag).commit();
notifyDataSetChanged();
return true;
}
return false;
}
public boolean back(FragmentManager fm) {
int position = mViewPager.getCurrentItem();
return popFragment(fm, mTabTags.get(position));
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mTabStackMap.size();
}
@Override
public int getItemPosition(Object object) {
ArrayList<Class<?>> positionNoneHack = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
for(Stack<TabInfo> tabStack: mTabStackMap.values()){
positionNoneHack.add(tabStack.peek().clss);
} // if the object class lies on top of our stacks, we return default
if(positionNoneHack.contains(object.getClass())){
return POSITION_UNCHANGED;
}
return POSITION_NONE;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int position) {
Stack<TabInfo> tabStack = mTabStackMap.get(mTabTags.get(position));
TabInfo info = tabStack.peek();
return Fragment.instantiate(mContext, info.clss.getName(), info.args);
}
@Override
public void onTabChanged(String tabId) {
int position = mTabHost.getCurrentTab();
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(position);
}
@Override
public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) {
}
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
// Unfortunately when TabHost changes the current tab, it kindly
// also takes care of putting focus on it when not in touch mode.
// The jerk.
// This hack tries to prevent this from pulling focus out of our
// ViewPager.
TabWidget widget = mTabHost.getTabWidget();
int oldFocusability = widget.getDescendantFocusability();
widget.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_BLOCK_DESCENDANTS);
mTabHost.setCurrentTab(position);
widget.setDescendantFocusability(oldFocusability);
}
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
}
}
在MainActivity中添加后退按钮功能:
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (!mTabsAdapter.back(getSupportFragmentManager())) {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
如果你想保存碎片状态,当它被删除。让你的Fragment实现接口SaveStateBundle在函数中返回一个带有你保存状态的bundle。通过this.getArguments()获得实例化后的bundle。
你可以这样实例化一个标签:
mTabsAdapter.addTab(mTabHost.newTabSpec("firstTabTag").setIndicator("First Tab Title"),
FirstFragmentActivity.FirstFragmentFragment.class, null);
工作类似,如果你想添加一个片段在标签堆栈的顶部。
重要:我认为,如果你想在两个tab上有两个相同类的实例,这是行不通的。
我在一起很快就解决了这个问题,所以我只能分享它,没有提供任何经验。
我按照@wize和@mdelolmo的答案,我得到了解决方案。由于吨。但是,我稍微调整了这些解决方案,以提高内存消耗。
我观察到的问题:
它们保存被替换的Fragment实例。在我的情况下,它是一个持有MapView的片段,我认为它的成本很高。所以,我维护FragmentPagerPositionChanged (POSITION_NONE或POSITION_UNCHANGED)而不是Fragment本身。
这是我的实现。
public static class DemoCollectionPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {
private SwitchFragListener mSwitchFragListener;
private Switch mToggle;
private int pagerAdapterPosChanged = POSITION_UNCHANGED;
private static final int TOGGLE_ENABLE_POS = 2;
public DemoCollectionPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, Switch toggle) {
super(fm);
mToggle = toggle;
mSwitchFragListener = new SwitchFragListener();
mToggle.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
mSwitchFragListener.onSwitchToNextFragment();
}
});
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int i) {
switch (i)
{
case TOGGLE_ENABLE_POS:
if(mToggle.isChecked())
{
return TabReplaceFragment.getInstance();
}else
{
return DemoTab2Fragment.getInstance(i);
}
default:
return DemoTabFragment.getInstance(i);
}
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return 5;
}
@Override
public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
return "Tab " + (position + 1);
}
@Override
public int getItemPosition(Object object) {
// This check make sures getItem() is called only for the required Fragment
if (object instanceof TabReplaceFragment
|| object instanceof DemoTab2Fragment)
return pagerAdapterPosChanged;
return POSITION_UNCHANGED;
}
/**
* Switch fragments Interface implementation
*/
private final class SwitchFragListener implements
SwitchFragInterface {
SwitchFragListener() {}
public void onSwitchToNextFragment() {
pagerAdapterPosChanged = POSITION_NONE;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
/**
* Interface to switch frags
*/
private interface SwitchFragInterface{
void onSwitchToNextFragment();
}
}
演示链接在这里..https://youtu.be/l_62uhKkLyM
出于演示目的,在位置2处使用了两个片段TabReplaceFragment和DemoTab2Fragment。在所有其他情况下,我使用DemoTabFragment实例。
解释:
我将Switch从Activity传递到DemoCollectionPagerAdapter。基于这个开关的状态,我们将显示正确的片段。当开关检查被更改时,我调用SwitchFragListener的onSwitchToNextFragment方法,其中我将pagerAdapterPosChanged变量的值更改为POSITION_NONE。查看更多关于POSITION_NONE的信息。这将使getItem无效,我有逻辑实例化正确的片段在那里。抱歉,如果解释得有点乱的话。
再次感谢@wize和@mdelolmo的原创想法。
希望这对你有帮助。:)
如果这个实现有任何缺陷,请告诉我。那将对我的项目大有帮助。