最近我注意到，当我转换一个列表来设置元素的顺序是改变的，并按字符排序。
想想这个例子:
x=[1,2,20,6,210]
print(x)
# [1, 2, 20, 6, 210] # the order is same as initial order
set(x)
# set([1, 2, 20, 210, 6]) # in the set(x) output order is sorted
我的问题是
为什么会这样? 如何才能在不丢失初始顺序的情况下进行设置操作(特别是设置差异)?
当前回答
另一种更简单的方法是创建一个空列表，例如“unique_list”，用于从原始列表中添加唯一的元素，例如:
unique_list=[]
for i in original_list:
if i not in unique_list:
unique_list.append(i)
else:
pass
这将为您提供所有独特的元素，并保持顺序。
其他回答
我们可以使用集合。计数器:
# tested on python 3.7
>>> from collections import Counter
>>> lst = ["1", "2", "20", "6", "210"]
>>> for i in Counter(lst):
>>> print(i, end=" ")
1 2 20 6 210
>>> for i in set(lst):
>>> print(i, end=" ")
20 6 2 1 210
你可以用一行代码删除重复的值并保持插入的列表顺序，Python 3.8.2
mylist = ['b', 'b', 'a', 'd', 'd', 'c']
results = list({value:"" for value in mylist})
print(results)
>>> ['b', 'a', 'd', 'c']
results = list(dict.fromkeys(mylist))
print(results)
>>> ['b', 'a', 'd', 'c']
删除重复和保存顺序以下功能
def unique(sequence):
seen = set()
return [x for x in sequence if not (x in seen or seen.add(x))]
如何从列表中删除重复，同时保留Python中的顺序
A set is an unordered data structure, so it does not preserve the insertion order. This depends on your requirements. If you have an normal list, and want to remove some set of elements while preserving the order of the list, you can do this with a list comprehension: >>> a = [1, 2, 20, 6, 210] >>> b = set([6, 20, 1]) >>> [x for x in a if x not in b] [2, 210] If you need a data structure that supports both fast membership tests and preservation of insertion order, you can use the keys of a Python dictionary, which starting from Python 3.7 is guaranteed to preserve the insertion order: >>> a = dict.fromkeys([1, 2, 20, 6, 210]) >>> b = dict.fromkeys([6, 20, 1]) >>> dict.fromkeys(x for x in a if x not in b) {2: None, 210: None} b doesn't really need to be ordered here – you could use a set as well. Note that a.keys() - b.keys() returns the set difference as a set, so it won't preserve the insertion order. In older versions of Python, you can use collections.OrderedDict instead: >>> a = collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys([1, 2, 20, 6, 210]) >>> b = collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys([6, 20, 1]) >>> collections.OrderedDict.fromkeys(x for x in a if x not in b) OrderedDict([(2, None), (210, None)])
如果你有少量的元素在你的两个初始列表上，你想做集差操作，而不是使用集合。OrderedDict使实现复杂化，使其可读性较差，您可以使用:
# initial lists on which you want to do set difference
>>> nums = [1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5]
>>> evens = [2,4,4,6]
>>> evens_set = set(evens)
>>> result = []
>>> for n in nums:
... if not n in evens_set and not n in result:
... result.append(n)
...
>>> result
[1, 3, 5]
它的时间复杂度不是很好，但它很简洁，易于阅读。
