用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
当前回答
我会用对我来说最有效的方法来贡献:
if (!Array.prototype.intersect){
Array.prototype.intersect = function (arr1) {
var r = [], o = {}, l = this.length, i, v;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
o[this[i]] = true;
}
l = arr1.length;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
v = arr1[i];
if (v in o) {
r.push(v);
}
}
return r;
};
}
其他回答
与效率无关,但很容易理解,这里有一个集合的并和交的例子,它处理集合的数组和集合的集合。
http://jsfiddle.net/zhulien/NF68T/
// process array [element, element...], if allow abort ignore the result
function processArray(arr_a, cb_a, blnAllowAbort_a)
{
var arrResult = [];
var blnAborted = false;
var intI = 0;
while ((intI < arr_a.length) && (blnAborted === false))
{
if (blnAllowAbort_a)
{
blnAborted = cb_a(arr_a[intI]);
}
else
{
arrResult[intI] = cb_a(arr_a[intI]);
}
intI++;
}
return arrResult;
}
// process array of operations [operation,arguments...]
function processOperations(arrOperations_a)
{
var arrResult = [];
var fnOperationE;
for(var intI = 0, intR = 0; intI < arrOperations_a.length; intI+=2, intR++)
{
var fnOperation = arrOperations_a[intI+0];
var fnArgs = arrOperations_a[intI+1];
if (fnArgs === undefined)
{
arrResult[intR] = fnOperation();
}
else
{
arrResult[intR] = fnOperation(fnArgs);
}
}
return arrResult;
}
// return whether an element exists in an array
function find(arr_a, varElement_a)
{
var blnResult = false;
processArray(arr_a, function(varToMatch_a)
{
var blnAbort = false;
if (varToMatch_a === varElement_a)
{
blnResult = true;
blnAbort = true;
}
return blnAbort;
}, true);
return blnResult;
}
// return the union of all sets
function union(arr_a)
{
var arrResult = [];
var intI = 0;
processArray(arr_a, function(arrSet_a)
{
processArray(arrSet_a, function(varElement_a)
{
// if the element doesn't exist in our result
if (find(arrResult, varElement_a) === false)
{
// add it
arrResult[intI] = varElement_a;
intI++;
}
});
});
return arrResult;
}
// return the intersection of all sets
function intersection(arr_a)
{
var arrResult = [];
var intI = 0;
// for each set
processArray(arr_a, function(arrSet_a)
{
// every number is a candidate
processArray(arrSet_a, function(varCandidate_a)
{
var blnCandidate = true;
// for each set
processArray(arr_a, function(arrSet_a)
{
// check that the candidate exists
var blnFoundPart = find(arrSet_a, varCandidate_a);
// if the candidate does not exist
if (blnFoundPart === false)
{
// no longer a candidate
blnCandidate = false;
}
});
if (blnCandidate)
{
// if the candidate doesn't exist in our result
if (find(arrResult, varCandidate_a) === false)
{
// add it
arrResult[intI] = varCandidate_a;
intI++;
}
}
});
});
return arrResult;
}
var strOutput = ''
var arrSet1 = [1,2,3];
var arrSet2 = [2,5,6];
var arrSet3 = [7,8,9,2];
// return the union of the sets
strOutput = union([arrSet1, arrSet2, arrSet3]);
alert(strOutput);
// return the intersection of 3 sets
strOutput = intersection([arrSet1, arrSet2, arrSet3]);
alert(strOutput);
// of 3 sets of sets, which set is the intersecting set
strOutput = processOperations([intersection,[[arrSet1, arrSet2], [arrSet2], [arrSet2, arrSet3]]]);
alert(strOutput);
对这里最小的一个(filter/indexOf解决方案)稍作调整,即使用JavaScript对象在其中一个数组中创建值的索引,将从O(N*M)减少到“可能”线性时间。source1 source2
function intersect(a, b) {
var aa = {};
a.forEach(function(v) { aa[v]=1; });
return b.filter(function(v) { return v in aa; });
}
这不是最简单的解决方案(它的代码比filter+indexOf要多),也不是最快的解决方案(可能比intersect_safe()慢一个常数因子),但似乎是一个很好的平衡。它非常简单,同时提供了良好的性能,并且不需要预先排序的输入。
ES2015的函数式方法
函数式方法必须考虑只使用没有副作用的纯函数,每个函数只与单个作业有关。
这些限制增强了所涉及函数的可组合性和可重用性。
//小的,可重用的辅助函数 const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); Const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); Const apply = f => x => f(x); / /十字路口 Const相交= xs => ys => { const zs =创建集(ys); 返回过滤器(x => zs.has(x)) ? 真正的 :假 ) (x); }; //模拟数据 Const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; Const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; //运行 Console.log (intersect(xs) (ys));
请注意,使用本机Set类型,这有一个优点 查找性能。
避免重复
显然,第一个数组中重复出现的项将被保留,而第二个数组将被去重。这可能是也可能不是理想的行为。如果你需要一个唯一的结果,只需对第一个参数应用重复数据删除:
// auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const comp = f => g => x => f(g(x)); const afrom = apply(Array.from); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // intersection const intersect = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? true : false ) (xs); }; // de-duplication const dedupe = comp(afrom) (createSet); // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // unique result console.log( intersect(dedupe(xs)) (ys) );
计算任意数量数组的交集
如果你想计算任意数量的数组的交点,只需用compose intersect和foldl。这是一个方便函数:
// auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const uncurry = f => (x, y) => f(x) (y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); const foldl = f => acc => xs => xs.reduce(uncurry(f), acc); // intersection const intersect = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? true : false ) (xs); }; // intersection of an arbitrarily number of Arrays const intersectn = (head, ...tail) => foldl(intersect) (head) (tail); // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; const zs = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]; // run console.log( intersectn(xs, ys, zs) );
使用Array.prototype.filter和Array.prototype.includes的组合:
const filteredArray = array1.filter(value => array2.includes(value));
对于较旧的浏览器,使用Array.prototype.indexOf且不使用箭头函数:
var filteredArray = array1.filter(function(n) {
return array2.indexOf(n) !== -1;
});
NB !.includes和. indexof都在内部使用===来比较数组中的元素,所以如果数组包含对象,它只比较对象引用(而不是对象的内容)。如果你想指定自己的比较逻辑,请使用Array.prototype.some。
通过使用.pop而不是.shift可以提高@atk实现对原语排序数组的性能。
function intersect(array1, array2) {
var result = [];
// Don't destroy the original arrays
var a = array1.slice(0);
var b = array2.slice(0);
var aLast = a.length - 1;
var bLast = b.length - 1;
while (aLast >= 0 && bLast >= 0) {
if (a[aLast] > b[bLast] ) {
a.pop();
aLast--;
} else if (a[aLast] < b[bLast] ){
b.pop();
bLast--;
} else /* they're equal */ {
result.push(a.pop());
b.pop();
aLast--;
bLast--;
}
}
return result;
}
我使用jsPerf创建了一个基准测试。使用。pop要快三倍。