用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写

intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])

并获得

[2, 3]

当前回答

简单性:

// Usage
const intersection = allLists
  .reduce(intersect, allValues)
  .reduce(removeDuplicates, []);


// Implementation
const intersect = (intersection, list) =>
  intersection.filter(item =>
    list.some(x => x === item));

const removeDuplicates = (uniques, item) =>
  uniques.includes(item) ? uniques : uniques.concat(item);


// Example Data
const somePeople = [bob, doug, jill];
const otherPeople = [sarah, bob, jill];
const morePeople = [jack, jill];

const allPeople = [...somePeople, ...otherPeople, ...morePeople];
const allGroups = [somePeople, otherPeople, morePeople];

// Example Usage
const intersection = allGroups
  .reduce(intersect, allPeople)
  .reduce(removeDuplicates, []);

intersection; // [jill]

好处:

泥土简单 以数据为中心的 适用于任意数量的列表 适用于任意长度的列表 适用于任意类型的值 适用于任意排序顺序 保留形状(在任何数组中首次出现的顺序) 尽可能早退出 内存安全,不影响函数/数组原型

缺点:

内存占用率较高 更高的CPU使用率 需要理解reduce 需要理解数据流

你不希望将其用于3D引擎或内核工作,但如果你在基于事件的应用程序中运行时遇到问题,那么你的设计就有更大的问题。

其他回答

如果你的数组是排序的,这应该运行在O(n),其中n是min(a.length, b.length)

function intersect_1d( a, b ){
    var out=[], ai=0, bi=0, acurr, bcurr, last=Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER;
    while( ( acurr=a[ai] )!==undefined && ( bcurr=b[bi] )!==undefined ){
        if( acurr < bcurr){
            if( last===acurr ){
                out.push( acurr );
            }
            last=acurr;
            ai++;
        }
        else if( acurr > bcurr){
            if( last===bcurr ){
                out.push( bcurr );
            }
            last=bcurr;
            bi++;
        }
        else {
            out.push( acurr );
            last=acurr;
            ai++;
            bi++;
        }
    }
    return out;
}

这是一个现代和简单的ES6方式来做,也非常灵活。 它允许您指定多个数组作为与主题数组进行比较的数组,并且可以在包含和独占模式下工作。

// =======================================
// The function
// =======================================

function assoc(subjectArray, otherArrays, { mustBeInAll = true } = {}) {
  return subjectArray.filter((subjectItem) => {
    if (mustBeInAll) {
      return otherArrays.every((otherArray) =>
        otherArray.includes(subjectItem)
      );
    } else {
      return otherArrays.some((otherArray) => otherArray.includes(subjectItem));
    }
  });
}

// =======================================
// The usage
// =======================================

const cheeseList = ["stilton", "edam", "cheddar", "brie"];
const foodListCollection = [
  ["cakes", "ham", "stilton"],
  ["juice", "wine", "brie", "bread", "stilton"]
];

// Output will be: ['stilton', 'brie']
const inclusive = assoc(cheeseList, foodListCollection, { mustBeInAll: false }),

// Output will be: ['stilton']
const exclusive = assoc(cheeseList, foodListCollection, { mustBeInAll: true })

实例:https://codesandbox.io/s/zealous-butterfly-h7dgf?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark

简单性:

// Usage
const intersection = allLists
  .reduce(intersect, allValues)
  .reduce(removeDuplicates, []);


// Implementation
const intersect = (intersection, list) =>
  intersection.filter(item =>
    list.some(x => x === item));

const removeDuplicates = (uniques, item) =>
  uniques.includes(item) ? uniques : uniques.concat(item);


// Example Data
const somePeople = [bob, doug, jill];
const otherPeople = [sarah, bob, jill];
const morePeople = [jack, jill];

const allPeople = [...somePeople, ...otherPeople, ...morePeople];
const allGroups = [somePeople, otherPeople, morePeople];

// Example Usage
const intersection = allGroups
  .reduce(intersect, allPeople)
  .reduce(removeDuplicates, []);

intersection; // [jill]

好处:

泥土简单 以数据为中心的 适用于任意数量的列表 适用于任意长度的列表 适用于任意类型的值 适用于任意排序顺序 保留形状(在任何数组中首次出现的顺序) 尽可能早退出 内存安全,不影响函数/数组原型

缺点:

内存占用率较高 更高的CPU使用率 需要理解reduce 需要理解数据流

你不希望将其用于3D引擎或内核工作,但如果你在基于事件的应用程序中运行时遇到问题,那么你的设计就有更大的问题。

解决它 从索引0开始逐一检查,然后创建一个新数组。

像这样的东西,不过测试不太好。

function intersection(x,y){
 x.sort();y.sort();
 var i=j=0;ret=[];
 while(i<x.length && j<y.length){
  if(x[i]<y[j])i++;
  else if(y[j]<x[i])j++;
  else {
   ret.push(x[i]);
   i++,j++;
  }
 }
 return ret;
}

alert(intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5]));

PS:该算法仅适用于数字和普通字符串,任意对象数组的交集可能无法工作。

该函数利用字典的强大功能,避免了N^2问题。每个数组只循环一次,第三次更短的循环返回最终结果。 它还支持数字、字符串和对象。

function array_intersect(array1, array2) 
{
    var mergedElems = {},
        result = [];

    // Returns a unique reference string for the type and value of the element
    function generateStrKey(elem) {
        var typeOfElem = typeof elem;
        if (typeOfElem === 'object') {
            typeOfElem += Object.prototype.toString.call(elem);
        }
        return [typeOfElem, elem.toString(), JSON.stringify(elem)].join('__');
    }

    array1.forEach(function(elem) {
        var key = generateStrKey(elem);
        if (!(key in mergedElems)) {
            mergedElems[key] = {elem: elem, inArray2: false};
        }
    });

    array2.forEach(function(elem) {
        var key = generateStrKey(elem);
        if (key in mergedElems) {
            mergedElems[key].inArray2 = true;
        }
    });

    Object.values(mergedElems).forEach(function(elem) {
        if (elem.inArray2) {
            result.push(elem.elem);
        }
    });

    return result;
}

如果有无法解决的特殊情况,仅通过修改generateStrKey函数就可以解决。这个函数的诀窍在于,它根据类型和值唯一地表示每个不同的数据。


这个变体有一些性能改进。在任何数组为空的情况下避免循环。它还首先遍历较短的数组,因此如果它在第二个数组中找到了第一个数组的所有值,则退出循环。

function array_intersect(array1, array2) 
{
    var mergedElems = {},
        result = [],
        firstArray, secondArray,
        firstN = 0, 
        secondN = 0;

    function generateStrKey(elem) {
        var typeOfElem = typeof elem;
        if (typeOfElem === 'object') {
            typeOfElem += Object.prototype.toString.call(elem);
        }
        return [typeOfElem, elem.toString(), JSON.stringify(elem)].join('__');
    }

    // Executes the loops only if both arrays have values
    if (array1.length && array2.length) 
    {
        // Begins with the shortest array to optimize the algorithm
        if (array1.length < array2.length) {
            firstArray = array1;
            secondArray = array2;
        } else {
            firstArray = array2;
            secondArray = array1;            
        }

        firstArray.forEach(function(elem) {
            var key = generateStrKey(elem);
            if (!(key in mergedElems)) {
                mergedElems[key] = {elem: elem, inArray2: false};
                // Increases the counter of unique values in the first array
                firstN++;
            }
        });

        secondArray.some(function(elem) {
            var key = generateStrKey(elem);
            if (key in mergedElems) {
                if (!mergedElems[key].inArray2) {
                    mergedElems[key].inArray2 = true;
                    // Increases the counter of matches
                    secondN++;
                    // If all elements of first array have coincidence, then exits the loop
                    return (secondN === firstN);
                }
            }
        });

        Object.values(mergedElems).forEach(function(elem) {
            if (elem.inArray2) {
                result.push(elem.elem);
            }
        });
    }

    return result;
}