用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
当前回答
我认为在内部使用一个对象可以帮助计算,也可以提高性能。
//方法维护每个元素的计数,也适用于负元素
function intersect(a,b){
const A = {};
a.forEach((v)=>{A[v] ? ++A[v] : A[v] = 1});
const B = {};
b.forEach((v)=>{B[v] ? ++B[v] : B[v] = 1});
const C = {};
Object.entries(A).map((x)=>C[x[0]] = Math.min(x[1],B[x[0]]))
return Object.entries(C).map((x)=>Array(x[1]).fill(Number(x[0]))).flat();
}
const x = [1,1,-1,-1,0,0,2,2];
const y = [2,0,1,1,1,1,0,-1,-1,-1];
const result = intersect(x,y);
console.log(result); // (7) [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, -1, -1]
其他回答
我会用对我来说最有效的方法来贡献:
if (!Array.prototype.intersect){
Array.prototype.intersect = function (arr1) {
var r = [], o = {}, l = this.length, i, v;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
o[this[i]] = true;
}
l = arr1.length;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
v = arr1[i];
if (v in o) {
r.push(v);
}
}
return r;
};
}
//在线性时间内返回数组a中也在b中的元素: 函数相交(a, b) { 返回a.filter (Set.prototype。new Set(b)); } / /例如: console.log(相交([1,2,3],[2、3、4、5]));
我推荐上述简洁的解决方案,它在大输入上优于其他实现。如果在小输入上的性能很重要,请检查下面的替代方案。
备选方案和性能比较:
有关替代实现,请参阅下面的代码片段,并检查https://jsperf.com/array-intersection-comparison以进行性能比较。
function intersect_for(a, b) { const result = []; const alen = a.length; const blen = b.length; for (let i = 0; i < alen; ++i) { const ai = a[i]; for (let j = 0; j < blen; ++j) { if (ai === b[j]) { result.push(ai); break; } } } return result; } function intersect_filter_indexOf(a, b) { return a.filter(el => b.indexOf(el) !== -1); } function intersect_filter_in(a, b) { const map = b.reduce((map, el) => {map[el] = true; return map}, {}); return a.filter(el => el in map); } function intersect_for_in(a, b) { const result = []; const map = {}; for (let i = 0, length = b.length; i < length; ++i) { map[b[i]] = true; } for (let i = 0, length = a.length; i < length; ++i) { if (a[i] in map) result.push(a[i]); } return result; } function intersect_filter_includes(a, b) { return a.filter(el => b.includes(el)); } function intersect_filter_has_this(a, b) { return a.filter(Set.prototype.has, new Set(b)); } function intersect_filter_has_arrow(a, b) { const set = new Set(b); return a.filter(el => set.has(el)); } function intersect_for_has(a, b) { const result = []; const set = new Set(b); for (let i = 0, length = a.length; i < length; ++i) { if (set.has(a[i])) result.push(a[i]); } return result; }
Firefox 53的结果:
Ops/sec on large arrays (10,000 elements): filter + has (this) 523 (this answer) for + has 482 for-loop + in 279 filter + in 242 for-loops 24 filter + includes 14 filter + indexOf 10 Ops/sec on small arrays (100 elements): for-loop + in 384,426 filter + in 192,066 for-loops 159,137 filter + includes 104,068 filter + indexOf 71,598 filter + has (this) 43,531 (this answer) filter + has (arrow function) 35,588
对于只包含字符串或数字的数组,你可以做一些排序,就像其他答案一样。对于任意对象数组的一般情况,我不认为你可以避免这样做。下面将为您提供任意数量的数组的交集作为arrayIntersection的参数:
var arrayContains = Array.prototype.indexOf ?
function(arr, val) {
return arr.indexOf(val) > -1;
} :
function(arr, val) {
var i = arr.length;
while (i--) {
if (arr[i] === val) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
};
function arrayIntersection() {
var val, arrayCount, firstArray, i, j, intersection = [], missing;
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); // Convert arguments into a real array
// Search for common values
firstArray = arrays.pop();
if (firstArray) {
j = firstArray.length;
arrayCount = arrays.length;
while (j--) {
val = firstArray[j];
missing = false;
// Check val is present in each remaining array
i = arrayCount;
while (!missing && i--) {
if ( !arrayContains(arrays[i], val) ) {
missing = true;
}
}
if (!missing) {
intersection.push(val);
}
}
}
return intersection;
}
arrayIntersection( [1, 2, 3, "a"], [1, "a", 2], ["a", 1] ); // Gives [1, "a"];
希望这有助于所有版本。
function diffArray(arr1, arr2) {
var newArr = [];
var large = arr1.length>=arr2.length?arr1:arr2;
var small = JSON.stringify(large) == JSON.stringify(arr1)?arr2:arr1;
for(var i=0;i<large.length;i++){
var copyExists = false;
for(var j =0;j<small.length;j++){
if(large[i]==small[j]){
copyExists= true;
break;
}
}
if(!copyExists)
{
newArr.push(large[i]);
}
}
for(var i=0;i<small.length;i++){
var copyExists = false;
for(var j =0;j<large.length;j++){
if(large[j]==small[i]){
copyExists= true;
break;
}
}
if(!copyExists)
{
newArr.push(small[i]);
}
}
return newArr;
}
我写了一个相交函数,它甚至可以根据对象的特定属性来检测对象数组的交集。
例如,
if arr1 = [{id: 10}, {id: 20}]
and arr2 = [{id: 20}, {id: 25}]
我们想要基于id属性的交集,那么输出应该是:
[{id: 20}]
因此,相同(注:ES6代码)的函数为:
const intersect = (arr1, arr2, accessors = [v => v, v => v]) => {
const [fn1, fn2] = accessors;
const set = new Set(arr2.map(v => fn2(v)));
return arr1.filter(value => set.has(fn1(value)));
};
你可以这样调用这个函数:
intersect(arr1, arr2, [elem => elem.id, elem => elem.id])
还要注意:该函数查找交集时考虑到第一个数组是主数组,因此交集结果将是主数组的结果。