用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
用javascript实现数组交叉的最简单、无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并获得
[2, 3]
当前回答
对于只包含字符串或数字的数组,你可以做一些排序,就像其他答案一样。对于任意对象数组的一般情况,我不认为你可以避免这样做。下面将为您提供任意数量的数组的交集作为arrayIntersection的参数:
var arrayContains = Array.prototype.indexOf ?
function(arr, val) {
return arr.indexOf(val) > -1;
} :
function(arr, val) {
var i = arr.length;
while (i--) {
if (arr[i] === val) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
};
function arrayIntersection() {
var val, arrayCount, firstArray, i, j, intersection = [], missing;
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); // Convert arguments into a real array
// Search for common values
firstArray = arrays.pop();
if (firstArray) {
j = firstArray.length;
arrayCount = arrays.length;
while (j--) {
val = firstArray[j];
missing = false;
// Check val is present in each remaining array
i = arrayCount;
while (!missing && i--) {
if ( !arrayContains(arrays[i], val) ) {
missing = true;
}
}
if (!missing) {
intersection.push(val);
}
}
}
return intersection;
}
arrayIntersection( [1, 2, 3, "a"], [1, "a", 2], ["a", 1] ); // Gives [1, "a"];
其他回答
使用Underscore.js或lodash.js
_.intersection( [0,345,324] , [1,0,324] ) // gives [0,324]
该函数利用字典的强大功能,避免了N^2问题。每个数组只循环一次,第三次更短的循环返回最终结果。 它还支持数字、字符串和对象。
function array_intersect(array1, array2)
{
var mergedElems = {},
result = [];
// Returns a unique reference string for the type and value of the element
function generateStrKey(elem) {
var typeOfElem = typeof elem;
if (typeOfElem === 'object') {
typeOfElem += Object.prototype.toString.call(elem);
}
return [typeOfElem, elem.toString(), JSON.stringify(elem)].join('__');
}
array1.forEach(function(elem) {
var key = generateStrKey(elem);
if (!(key in mergedElems)) {
mergedElems[key] = {elem: elem, inArray2: false};
}
});
array2.forEach(function(elem) {
var key = generateStrKey(elem);
if (key in mergedElems) {
mergedElems[key].inArray2 = true;
}
});
Object.values(mergedElems).forEach(function(elem) {
if (elem.inArray2) {
result.push(elem.elem);
}
});
return result;
}
如果有无法解决的特殊情况,仅通过修改generateStrKey函数就可以解决。这个函数的诀窍在于,它根据类型和值唯一地表示每个不同的数据。
这个变体有一些性能改进。在任何数组为空的情况下避免循环。它还首先遍历较短的数组,因此如果它在第二个数组中找到了第一个数组的所有值,则退出循环。
function array_intersect(array1, array2)
{
var mergedElems = {},
result = [],
firstArray, secondArray,
firstN = 0,
secondN = 0;
function generateStrKey(elem) {
var typeOfElem = typeof elem;
if (typeOfElem === 'object') {
typeOfElem += Object.prototype.toString.call(elem);
}
return [typeOfElem, elem.toString(), JSON.stringify(elem)].join('__');
}
// Executes the loops only if both arrays have values
if (array1.length && array2.length)
{
// Begins with the shortest array to optimize the algorithm
if (array1.length < array2.length) {
firstArray = array1;
secondArray = array2;
} else {
firstArray = array2;
secondArray = array1;
}
firstArray.forEach(function(elem) {
var key = generateStrKey(elem);
if (!(key in mergedElems)) {
mergedElems[key] = {elem: elem, inArray2: false};
// Increases the counter of unique values in the first array
firstN++;
}
});
secondArray.some(function(elem) {
var key = generateStrKey(elem);
if (key in mergedElems) {
if (!mergedElems[key].inArray2) {
mergedElems[key].inArray2 = true;
// Increases the counter of matches
secondN++;
// If all elements of first array have coincidence, then exits the loop
return (secondN === firstN);
}
}
});
Object.values(mergedElems).forEach(function(elem) {
if (elem.inArray2) {
result.push(elem.elem);
}
});
}
return result;
}
我会用对我来说最有效的方法来贡献:
if (!Array.prototype.intersect){
Array.prototype.intersect = function (arr1) {
var r = [], o = {}, l = this.length, i, v;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
o[this[i]] = true;
}
l = arr1.length;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
v = arr1[i];
if (v in o) {
r.push(v);
}
}
return r;
};
}
这是一个现代和简单的ES6方式来做,也非常灵活。 它允许您指定多个数组作为与主题数组进行比较的数组,并且可以在包含和独占模式下工作。
// =======================================
// The function
// =======================================
function assoc(subjectArray, otherArrays, { mustBeInAll = true } = {}) {
return subjectArray.filter((subjectItem) => {
if (mustBeInAll) {
return otherArrays.every((otherArray) =>
otherArray.includes(subjectItem)
);
} else {
return otherArrays.some((otherArray) => otherArray.includes(subjectItem));
}
});
}
// =======================================
// The usage
// =======================================
const cheeseList = ["stilton", "edam", "cheddar", "brie"];
const foodListCollection = [
["cakes", "ham", "stilton"],
["juice", "wine", "brie", "bread", "stilton"]
];
// Output will be: ['stilton', 'brie']
const inclusive = assoc(cheeseList, foodListCollection, { mustBeInAll: false }),
// Output will be: ['stilton']
const exclusive = assoc(cheeseList, foodListCollection, { mustBeInAll: true })
实例:https://codesandbox.io/s/zealous-butterfly-h7dgf?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark
如果您的环境支持ECMAScript 6 Set,一个简单而有效的方法(参见规范链接):
function intersect(a, b) {
var setA = new Set(a);
var setB = new Set(b);
var intersection = new Set([...setA].filter(x => setB.has(x)));
return Array.from(intersection);
}
更短,但可读性更差(也没有创建额外的交集集):
function intersect(a, b) {
var setB = new Set(b);
return [...new Set(a)].filter(x => setB.has(x));
}
注意,当使用Set时,你只会得到不同的值,因此new Set([1,2,3,3])。Size的值为3。