def parseISO8601DateTime(datetimeStr):
    import time
    from datetime import datetime, timedelta

    def log_date_string(when):
        gmt = time.gmtime(when)
        if time.daylight and gmt[8]:
            tz = time.altzone
        else:
            tz = time.timezone
        if tz > 0:
            neg = 1
        else:
            neg = 0
            tz = -tz
        h, rem = divmod(tz, 3600)
        m, rem = divmod(rem, 60)
        if neg:
            offset = '-%02d%02d' % (h, m)
        else:
            offset = '+%02d%02d' % (h, m)

        return time.strftime('%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S ', gmt) + offset

    dt = datetime.strptime(datetimeStr, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ')
    timestamp = dt.timestamp()
    return dt + timedelta(hours=dt.hour-time.gmtime(timestamp).tm_hour)

注意，如果字符串不以Z结尾，我们可以使用%Z进行解析。

最初我尝试了：

from operator import neg, pos
from time import strptime, mktime
from datetime import datetime, tzinfo, timedelta

class MyUTCOffsetTimezone(tzinfo):
    @staticmethod
    def with_offset(offset_no_signal, signal):  # type: (str, str) -> MyUTCOffsetTimezone
        return MyUTCOffsetTimezone((pos if signal == '+' else neg)(
            (datetime.strptime(offset_no_signal, '%H:%M') - datetime(1900, 1, 1))
          .total_seconds()))

    def __init__(self, offset, name=None):
        self.offset = timedelta(seconds=offset)
        self.name = name or self.__class__.__name__

    def utcoffset(self, dt):
        return self.offset

    def tzname(self, dt):
        return self.name

    def dst(self, dt):
        return timedelta(0)


def to_datetime_tz(dt):  # type: (str) -> datetime
    fmt = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'
    if dt[-6] in frozenset(('+', '-')):
        dt, sign, offset = strptime(dt[:-6], fmt), dt[-6], dt[-5:]
        return datetime.fromtimestamp(mktime(dt),
                                      tz=MyUTCOffsetTimezone.with_offset(offset, sign))
    elif dt[-1] == 'Z':
        return datetime.strptime(dt, fmt + 'Z')
    return datetime.strptime(dt, fmt)

但这在负时区不起作用。然而，我在Python 3.7.3中工作得很好：

from datetime import datetime


def to_datetime_tz(dt):  # type: (str) -> datetime
    fmt = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'
    if dt[-6] in frozenset(('+', '-')):
        return datetime.strptime(dt, fmt + '%z')
    elif dt[-1] == 'Z':
        return datetime.strptime(dt, fmt + 'Z')
    return datetime.strptime(dt, fmt)

一些测试注意到，输出只在微秒的精度上有所不同。我的机器精度达到6位数，但YMMV：

for dt_in, dt_out in (
        ('2019-03-11T08:00:00.000Z', '2019-03-11T08:00:00'),
        ('2019-03-11T08:00:00.000+11:00', '2019-03-11T08:00:00+11:00'),
        ('2019-03-11T08:00:00.000-11:00', '2019-03-11T08:00:00-11:00')
    ):
    isoformat = to_datetime_tz(dt_in).isoformat()
    assert isoformat == dt_out, '{} != {}'.format(isoformat, dt_out)

如果解析无效的日期字符串，python dateutil将抛出异常，因此您可能需要捕获该异常。

from dateutil import parser
ds = '2012-60-31'
try:
  dt = parser.parse(ds)
except ValueError, e:
  print '"%s" is an invalid date' % ds

你得到的确切错误是什么？它像下面这样吗？

>>> datetime.datetime.strptime("2008-08-12T12:20:30.656234Z", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.Z")
ValueError: time data did not match format:  data=2008-08-12T12:20:30.656234Z  fmt=%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.Z

如果是，您可以将输入字符串拆分为“.”，然后将微秒添加到获得的日期时间中。

试试看：

>>> def gt(dt_str):
        dt, _, us= dt_str.partition(".")
        dt= datetime.datetime.strptime(dt, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
        us= int(us.rstrip("Z"), 10)
        return dt + datetime.timedelta(microseconds=us)

>>> gt("2008-08-12T12:20:30.656234Z")
datetime.datetime(2008, 8, 12, 12, 20, 30, 656234)

import re
import datetime
s = "2008-09-03T20:56:35.450686Z"
d = datetime.datetime(*map(int, re.split(r'[^\d]', s)[:-1]))

尝试iso8601模块；它正是这样做的。

python.org wiki上的WorkingWithTime页面上还提到了其他几个选项。