我看到了一些不同的方法来迭代C#中的字典。有标准的方法吗?


当前回答

取决于你是在寻找关键点还是值。。。

来自MSDN Dictionary(TKey,TValue)类描述:

// When you use foreach to enumerate dictionary elements,
// the elements are retrieved as KeyValuePair objects.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
{
    Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", 
        kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
}

// To get the values alone, use the Values property.
Dictionary<string, string>.ValueCollection valueColl =
    openWith.Values;

// The elements of the ValueCollection are strongly typed
// with the type that was specified for dictionary values.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( string s in valueColl )
{
    Console.WriteLine("Value = {0}", s);
}

// To get the keys alone, use the Keys property.
Dictionary<string, string>.KeyCollection keyColl =
    openWith.Keys;

// The elements of the KeyCollection are strongly typed
// with the type that was specified for dictionary keys.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( string s in keyColl )
{
    Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}", s);
}

其他回答

我将利用.NET 4.0+的优势,为最初接受的问题提供更新的答案:

foreach(var entry in MyDic)
{
    // do something with entry.Value or entry.Key
}
foreach(KeyValuePair<string, string> entry in myDictionary)
{
    // do something with entry.Value or entry.Key
}

使用C#7,将此扩展方法添加到解决方案的任何项目中:

public static class IDictionaryExtensions
{
    public static IEnumerable<(TKey, TValue)> Tuples<TKey, TValue>(
        this IDictionary<TKey, TValue> dict)
    {
        foreach (KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> kvp in dict)
            yield return (kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
    }
}

使用这个简单的语法

foreach (var(id, value) in dict.Tuples())
{
    // your code using 'id' and 'value'
}

或者这个,如果你喜欢的话

foreach ((string id, object value) in dict.Tuples())
{
    // your code using 'id' and 'value'
}

代替传统的

foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> kvp in dict)
{
    string id = kvp.Key;
    object value = kvp.Value;

    // your code using 'id' and 'value'
}

扩展方法将IDictionary<TKey,TValue>的KeyValuePair转换为强类型元组,允许您使用这种新的舒适语法。

它只将所需的字典条目转换为元组,因此不会将整个字典转换为元组。因此,不存在与此相关的性能问题。

与直接使用KeyValuePair相比,调用扩展方法来创建元组的成本很低,如果您要将KeyValuePail的财产Key和Value分配给新的循环变量,那么这应该不是问题。

实际上,这种新语法非常适合大多数情况,除了低级别的超高性能场景,在这种情况下,您仍然可以选择不在特定位置使用它。

看看这个:MSDN博客-C#7中的新功能

foreach是最快的,如果只迭代___个值,它也会更快

var dictionary = new Dictionary<string, int>
{
    { "Key", 12 }
};

var aggregateObjectCollection = dictionary.Select(
    entry => new AggregateObject(entry.Key, entry.Value));