我一直在处理JavaScript中的可选参数,如下所示:
function myFunc(requiredArg, optionalArg){
optionalArg = optionalArg || 'defaultValue';
// Do stuff
}
有更好的方法吗?
这样使用||会失败吗?
我一直在处理JavaScript中的可选参数,如下所示:
function myFunc(requiredArg, optionalArg){
optionalArg = optionalArg || 'defaultValue';
// Do stuff
}
有更好的方法吗?
这样使用||会失败吗?
当前回答
乡亲们-
在研究了这些和其他解决方案之后,我使用最初来自W3Schools的一段代码作为基础,尝试了许多解决方案。你可以在下面找到有效的方法。每一个被注释掉的项目也都有效,这样您就可以通过删除单个注释来进行实验。要清楚的是,“eyecolor”参数没有被定义。
function person(firstname, lastname, age, eyecolor)
{
this.firstname = firstname;
this.lastname = lastname;
this.age = age;
this.eyecolor = eyecolor;
// if(null==eyecolor)
// this.eyecolor = "unknown1";
//if(typeof(eyecolor)==='undefined')
// this.eyecolor = "unknown2";
// if(!eyecolor)
// this.eyecolor = "unknown3";
this.eyecolor = this.eyecolor || "unknown4";
}
var myFather = new person("John", "Doe", 60);
var myMother = new person("Sally", "Rally", 48, "green");
var elem = document.getElementById("demo");
elem.innerHTML = "My father " +
myFather.firstname + " " +
myFather.lastname + " is " +
myFather.age + " with " +
myFather.eyecolor + " eyes.<br/>" +
"My mother " +
myMother.firstname + " " +
myMother.lastname + " is " +
myMother.age + " with " +
myMother.eyecolor + " eyes.";
其他回答
这就是我的结局:
function WhoLikesCake(options) {
options = options || {};
var defaultOptions = {
a : options.a || "Huh?",
b : options.b || "I don't like cake."
}
console.log('a: ' + defaultOptions.b + ' - b: ' + defaultOptions.b);
// Do more stuff here ...
}
这样调用:
WhoLikesCake({ b : "I do" });
我尝试了这里提到的一些选项,并对它们进行了性能测试。此时此刻,逻辑学家似乎是最快的。尽管这会随着时间的推移而改变(不同的JavaScript引擎版本)。
以下是我的结果(Microsoft Edge 20.10240.16384.0):
Function executed Operations/sec Statistics
TypeofFunction('test'); 92,169,505 ±1.55% 9% slower
SwitchFuntion('test'); 2,904,685 ±2.91% 97% slower
ObjectFunction({param1: 'test'}); 924,753 ±1.71% 99% slower
LogicalOrFunction('test'); 101,205,173 ±0.92% fastest
TypeofFunction2('test'); 35,636,836 ±0.59% 65% slower
此性能测试可在以下位置轻松复制:http://jsperf.com/optional-parameters-typeof-vs-switch/2
这是测试代码:
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
Benchmark.prototype.setup = function() {
function TypeofFunction(param1, optParam1, optParam2, optParam3) {
optParam1 = (typeof optParam1 === "undefined") ? "Some default" : optParam1;
optParam2 = (typeof optParam2 === "undefined") ? "Another default" : optParam2;
optParam3 = (typeof optParam3 === "undefined") ? "Some other default" : optParam3;
}
function TypeofFunction2(param1, optParam1, optParam2, optParam3) {
optParam1 = defaultValue(optParam1, "Some default");
optParam2 = defaultValue(optParam2, "Another default");
optParam3 = defaultValue(optParam3, "Some other default");
}
function defaultValue(variable, defaultValue) {
return (typeof variable !== 'undefined') ? (variable) : (defaultValue);
}
function SwitchFuntion(param1, optParam1, optParam2, optParam3) {
switch (arguments.length - 1) { // <-- 1 is number of required arguments
case 0:
optParam1 = 'Some default';
case 1:
optParam2 = 'Another default';
case 2:
optParam3 = 'Some other default';
}
}
function ObjectFunction(args) {
var defaults = {
optParam1: 'Some default',
optParam2: 'Another default',
optParam3: 'Some other default'
}
args = $.extend({}, defaults, args);
}
function LogicalOrFunction(param1, optParam1, optParam2, optParam3) {
optParam1 || (optParam1 = 'Some default');
optParam2 || (optParam1 = 'Another default');
optParam3 || (optParam1 = 'Some other default');
}
};
</script>
如果传递了optionalArg,但计算结果为false,则逻辑将失败-请尝试此选项
if (typeof optionalArg === 'undefined') { optionalArg = 'default'; }
或者另一个成语:
optionalArg = (typeof optionalArg === 'undefined') ? 'default' : optionalArg;
使用哪种成语最能传达你的意图!
function Default(variable, new_value)
{
if(new_value === undefined) { return (variable === undefined) ? null : variable; }
return (variable === undefined) ? new_value : variable;
}
var a = 2, b = "hello", c = true, d;
var test = Default(a, 0),
test2 = Default(b, "Hi"),
test3 = Default(c, false),
test4 = Default(d, "Hello world");
window.alert(test + "\n" + test2 + "\n" + test3 + "\n" + test4);
http://jsfiddle.net/mq60hqrf/
如果需要插入一个NULL,那么可能会遇到一些问题。除此之外,不,我认为你可能走上了正确的轨道。
有些人选择的另一种方法是使用一个变量的assoc数组在参数列表中迭代。它看起来有点整洁,但我想它有点(非常少)更需要处理/内存。
function myFunction (argArray) {
var defaults = {
'arg1' : "value 1",
'arg2' : "value 2",
'arg3' : "value 3",
'arg4' : "value 4"
}
for(var i in defaults)
if(typeof argArray[i] == "undefined")
argArray[i] = defaults[i];
// ...
}