我建议您这样使用ArgueJS：

function myFunc(){
  arguments = __({requiredArg: undefined, optionalArg: [undefined: 'defaultValue'})

  //do stuff, using arguments.requiredArg and arguments.optionalArg
  //    to access your arguments

}

您还可以用期望接收的参数类型替换undefined，如下所示：

function myFunc(){
  arguments = __({requiredArg: Number, optionalArg: [String: 'defaultValue'})

  //do stuff, using arguments.requiredArg and arguments.optionalArg
  //    to access your arguments

}

在一个项目中，我注意到我对可选参数和设置重复了太多，所以我创建了一个类来处理类型检查并分配一个默认值，从而生成整洁可读的代码。看看示例，让我知道这是否适用于您。

var myCar           = new Car('VW', {gearbox:'automatic', options:['radio', 'airbags 2x']});
var myOtherCar      = new Car('Toyota');

function Car(brand, settings) {
    this.brand      = brand;

    // readable and adjustable code
    settings        = DefaultValue.object(settings, {});
    this.wheels     = DefaultValue.number(settings.wheels, 4);
    this.hasBreaks  = DefaultValue.bool(settings.hasBreaks, true);
    this.gearbox    = DefaultValue.string(settings.gearbox, 'manual');
    this.options    = DefaultValue.array(settings.options, []);

    // instead of doing this the hard way
    settings        = settings || {};
    this.wheels     = (!isNaN(settings.wheels)) ? settings.wheels : 4;
    this.hasBreaks  = (typeof settings.hasBreaks !== 'undefined') ? (settings.hasBreaks === true) : true;
    this.gearbox    = (typeof settings.gearbox === 'string') ? settings.gearbox : 'manual';
    this.options    = (typeof settings.options !== 'undefined' && Array.isArray(settings.options)) ? settings.options : [];
}

使用此类：

(function(ns) {

    var DefaultValue = {

        object: function(input, defaultValue) {
            if (typeof defaultValue !== 'object') throw new Error('invalid defaultValue type');
            return (typeof input !== 'undefined') ? input : defaultValue;
        },

        bool: function(input, defaultValue) {
            if (typeof defaultValue !== 'boolean') throw new Error('invalid defaultValue type');
            return (typeof input !== 'undefined') ? (input === true) : defaultValue;
        },

        number: function(input, defaultValue) {
            if (isNaN(defaultValue)) throw new Error('invalid defaultValue type');
            return (typeof input !== 'undefined' && !isNaN(input)) ? parseFloat(input) : defaultValue;
        },

        // wrap the input in an array if it is not undefined and not an array, for your convenience
        array: function(input, defaultValue) {
            if (typeof defaultValue === 'undefined') throw new Error('invalid defaultValue type');
            return (typeof input !== 'undefined') ? (Array.isArray(input) ? input : [input]) : defaultValue;
        },

        string: function(input, defaultValue) {
            if (typeof defaultValue !== 'string') throw new Error('invalid defaultValue type');
            return (typeof input === 'string') ? input : defaultValue;
        },

    };

    ns.DefaultValue = DefaultValue;

}(this));

我建议您这样使用ArgueJS：

function myFunc(){
  arguments = __({requiredArg: undefined, optionalArg: [undefined: 'defaultValue'})

  //do stuff, using arguments.requiredArg and arguments.optionalArg
  //    to access your arguments

}

您还可以用期望接收的参数类型替换undefined，如下所示：

function myFunc(){
  arguments = __({requiredArg: Number, optionalArg: [String: 'defaultValue'})

  //do stuff, using arguments.requiredArg and arguments.optionalArg
  //    to access your arguments

}

function Default(variable, new_value)
{
    if(new_value === undefined) { return (variable === undefined) ? null : variable; }
    return (variable === undefined) ? new_value : variable;
}

var a = 2, b = "hello", c = true, d;

var test = Default(a, 0),
test2 = Default(b, "Hi"),
test3 = Default(c, false),
test4 = Default(d, "Hello world");

window.alert(test + "\n" + test2 + "\n" + test3 + "\n" + test4);

http://jsfiddle.net/mq60hqrf/

如果您广泛使用默认值，这看起来更容易理解：

function usageExemple(a,b,c,d){
    //defaults
    a=defaultValue(a,1);
    b=defaultValue(b,2);
    c=defaultValue(c,4);
    d=defaultValue(d,8);

    var x = a+b+c+d;
    return x;
}

只需在全局escope上声明此函数。

function defaultValue(variable,defaultValue){
    return(typeof variable!=='undefined')?(variable):(defaultValue);
}

用法模式fruit=defaultValue（fruit，'Apple'）；

*PS您可以将defaultValue函数重命名为短名称，只是不要使用默认值，这是javascript中的保留字。

乡亲们-

在研究了这些和其他解决方案之后，我使用最初来自W3Schools的一段代码作为基础，尝试了许多解决方案。你可以在下面找到有效的方法。每一个被注释掉的项目也都有效，这样您就可以通过删除单个注释来进行实验。要清楚的是，“eyecolor”参数没有被定义。

function person(firstname, lastname, age, eyecolor)
{
this.firstname = firstname;
this.lastname = lastname;
this.age = age;
this.eyecolor = eyecolor;
// if(null==eyecolor)
//   this.eyecolor = "unknown1";
//if(typeof(eyecolor)==='undefined') 
//   this.eyecolor = "unknown2";
// if(!eyecolor)
//   this.eyecolor = "unknown3";
this.eyecolor = this.eyecolor || "unknown4";
}

var myFather = new person("John", "Doe", 60);
var myMother = new person("Sally", "Rally", 48, "green");

var elem = document.getElementById("demo");
elem.innerHTML = "My father " +
              myFather.firstname + " " +
              myFather.lastname + " is " +
              myFather.age + " with " +
              myFather.eyecolor + " eyes.<br/>" +
              "My mother " +
              myMother.firstname + " " +
              myMother.lastname + " is " +
              myMother.age + " with " +
              myMother.eyecolor + " eyes.";