我有一个Python脚本,它把一个整数列表作为输入,我需要一次处理四个整数。不幸的是,我无法控制输入,否则我将它作为一个四元素元组列表传入。目前,我以这种方式迭代它:

for i in range(0, len(ints), 4):
    # dummy op for example code
    foo += ints[i] * ints[i + 1] + ints[i + 2] * ints[i + 3]

不过,它看起来很像“C-think”,这让我怀疑有一种更python的方式来处理这种情况。该列表在迭代后被丢弃,因此不需要保留。也许这样会更好?

while ints:
    foo += ints[0] * ints[1] + ints[2] * ints[3]
    ints[0:4] = []

不过,感觉还是不太对。: - /

相关问题:在Python中如何将列表分割成大小均匀的块?


当前回答

我从来不想填充我的块,所以这个要求是必要的。我发现在任何可迭代对象上工作的能力也是必需的。鉴于此,我决定扩展公认的答案,https://stackoverflow.com/a/434411/1074659。

如果由于需要比较和筛选填充值而不需要填充,则这种方法的性能会受到轻微的影响。然而,对于大块大小,这个实用程序是非常高性能的。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from itertools import zip_longest


_UNDEFINED = object()


def chunker(iterable, chunksize, fillvalue=_UNDEFINED):
    """
    Collect data into chunks and optionally pad it.

    Performance worsens as `chunksize` approaches 1.

    Inspired by:
        https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html#itertools-recipes

    """
    args = [iter(iterable)] * chunksize
    chunks = zip_longest(*args, fillvalue=fillvalue)
    yield from (
        filter(lambda val: val is not _UNDEFINED, chunk)
        if chunk[-1] is _UNDEFINED
        else chunk
        for chunk in chunks
    ) if fillvalue is _UNDEFINED else chunks

其他回答

chunk_size = 4
for i in range(0, len(ints), chunk_size):
    chunk = ints[i:i+chunk_size]
    # process chunk of size <= chunk_size

我从来不想填充我的块,所以这个要求是必要的。我发现在任何可迭代对象上工作的能力也是必需的。鉴于此,我决定扩展公认的答案,https://stackoverflow.com/a/434411/1074659。

如果由于需要比较和筛选填充值而不需要填充,则这种方法的性能会受到轻微的影响。然而,对于大块大小,这个实用程序是非常高性能的。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from itertools import zip_longest


_UNDEFINED = object()


def chunker(iterable, chunksize, fillvalue=_UNDEFINED):
    """
    Collect data into chunks and optionally pad it.

    Performance worsens as `chunksize` approaches 1.

    Inspired by:
        https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html#itertools-recipes

    """
    args = [iter(iterable)] * chunksize
    chunks = zip_longest(*args, fillvalue=fillvalue)
    yield from (
        filter(lambda val: val is not _UNDEFINED, chunk)
        if chunk[-1] is _UNDEFINED
        else chunk
        for chunk in chunks
    ) if fillvalue is _UNDEFINED else chunks

我喜欢这种方法。它感觉简单而不神奇,支持所有可迭代类型,并且不需要导入。

def chunk_iter(iterable, chunk_size):
it = iter(iterable)
while True:
    chunk = tuple(next(it) for _ in range(chunk_size))
    if not chunk:
        break
    yield chunk
def chunker(seq, size):
    return (seq[pos:pos + size] for pos in range(0, len(seq), size))

适用于任何序列:

text = "I am a very, very helpful text"

for group in chunker(text, 7):
   print(repr(group),)
# 'I am a ' 'very, v' 'ery hel' 'pful te' 'xt'

print('|'.join(chunker(text, 10)))
# I am a ver|y, very he|lpful text

animals = ['cat', 'dog', 'rabbit', 'duck', 'bird', 'cow', 'gnu', 'fish']

for group in chunker(animals, 3):
    print(group)
# ['cat', 'dog', 'rabbit']
# ['duck', 'bird', 'cow']
# ['gnu', 'fish']

我希望通过将迭代器从列表中删除,我不是简单地复制列表的一部分。生成器可以被切片,它们将自动仍然是一个生成器,而列表将被切片成1000个条目的大块,这是较低的效率。

def iter_group(iterable, batch_size:int):
    length = len(iterable)
    start = batch_size*-1
    end = 0
    while(end < length):
        start += batch_size
        end += batch_size
        if type(iterable) == list:
            yield (iterable[i] for i in range(start,min(length-1,end)))
        else:
            yield iterable[start:end]

用法:

items = list(range(1,1251))

for item_group in iter_group(items, 1000):
    for item in item_group:
        print(item)