我有一个Python脚本，它把一个整数列表作为输入，我需要一次处理四个整数。不幸的是，我无法控制输入，否则我将它作为一个四元素元组列表传入。目前，我以这种方式迭代它:
for i in range(0, len(ints), 4):
# dummy op for example code
foo += ints[i] * ints[i + 1] + ints[i + 2] * ints[i + 3]
不过，它看起来很像“C-think”，这让我怀疑有一种更python的方式来处理这种情况。该列表在迭代后被丢弃，因此不需要保留。也许这样会更好?
while ints:
foo += ints[0] * ints[1] + ints[2] * ints[3]
ints[0:4] = []
不过，感觉还是不太对。: - /
相关问题:在Python中如何将列表分割成大小均匀的块?
当前回答
下面是一个支持生成器的无导入chunker:
def chunks(seq, size):
it = iter(seq)
while True:
ret = tuple(next(it) for _ in range(size))
if len(ret) == size:
yield ret
else:
raise StopIteration()
使用示例:
>>> def foo():
... i = 0
... while True:
... i += 1
... yield i
...
>>> c = chunks(foo(), 3)
>>> c.next()
(1, 2, 3)
>>> c.next()
(4, 5, 6)
>>> list(chunks('abcdefg', 2))
[('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd'), ('e', 'f')]
其他回答
使用map()而不是zip()修复填充问题在J.F.塞巴斯蒂安的回答:
>>> def chunker(iterable, chunksize):
... return map(None,*[iter(iterable)]*chunksize)
例子:
>>> s = '1234567890'
>>> chunker(s, 3)
[('1', '2', '3'), ('4', '5', '6'), ('7', '8', '9'), ('0', None, None)]
>>> chunker(s, 4)
[('1', '2', '3', '4'), ('5', '6', '7', '8'), ('9', '0', None, None)]
>>> chunker(s, 5)
[('1', '2', '3', '4', '5'), ('6', '7', '8', '9', '0')]
另一种方法是使用双参数形式的iter:
from itertools import islice
def group(it, size):
it = iter(it)
return iter(lambda: tuple(islice(it, size)), ())
这可以很容易地适应使用填充(这类似于Markus Jarderot的答案):
from itertools import islice, chain, repeat
def group_pad(it, size, pad=None):
it = chain(iter(it), repeat(pad))
return iter(lambda: tuple(islice(it, size)), (pad,) * size)
这些甚至可以组合为可选的填充:
_no_pad = object()
def group(it, size, pad=_no_pad):
if pad == _no_pad:
it = iter(it)
sentinel = ()
else:
it = chain(iter(it), repeat(pad))
sentinel = (pad,) * size
return iter(lambda: tuple(islice(it, size)), sentinel)
为什么不使用列表理解
l = [1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
n = 4
filler = 0
fills = len(l) % n
chunks = ((l + [filler] * fills)[x * n:x * n + n] for x in range(int((len(l) + n - 1)/n)))
print(chunks)
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 0]]
def group_by(iterable, size):
"""Group an iterable into lists that don't exceed the size given.
>>> group_by([1,2,3,4,5], 2)
[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]
"""
sublist = []
for index, item in enumerate(iterable):
if index > 0 and index % size == 0:
yield sublist
sublist = []
sublist.append(item)
if sublist:
yield sublist
def chunker(iterable, n):
"""Yield iterable in chunk sizes.
>>> chunks = chunker('ABCDEF', n=4)
>>> chunks.next()
['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
>>> chunks.next()
['E', 'F']
"""
it = iter(iterable)
while True:
chunk = []
for i in range(n):
try:
chunk.append(next(it))
except StopIteration:
yield chunk
raise StopIteration
yield chunk
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
