从Ruby 2.5.0开始，你可以使用哈希#transform_keys或哈希#transform_keys!

{'a' => 1, 'b' => 2}.transform_keys(&:to_sym) #=> {:a => 1, :b => 2}

这个怎么样:

my_hash = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(YAML.load_file('yml'))

# my_hash['key'] => "val"
# my_hash[:key]  => "val"

对于Ruby中YAML的特定情况，如果键以':'开头，它们将被自动作为符号存储。

require 'yaml'
require 'pp'
yaml_str = "
connections:
  - host: host1.example.com
    port: 10000
  - host: host2.example.com
    port: 20000
"
yaml_sym = "
:connections:
  - :host: host1.example.com
    :port: 10000
  - :host: host2.example.com
    :port: 20000
"
pp yaml_str = YAML.load(yaml_str)
puts yaml_str.keys.first.class
pp yaml_sym = YAML.load(yaml_sym)
puts yaml_sym.keys.first.class

输出:

#  /opt/ruby-1.8.6-p287/bin/ruby ~/test.rb
{"connections"=>
  [{"port"=>10000, "host"=>"host1.example.com"},
   {"port"=>20000, "host"=>"host2.example.com"}]}
String
{:connections=>
  [{:port=>10000, :host=>"host1.example.com"},
   {:port=>20000, :host=>"host2.example.com"}]}
Symbol

在Ruby >= 2.5 (docs)中，你可以使用:

my_hash.transform_keys(&:to_sym)

使用旧的Ruby版本?下面是一个单行程序，它将哈希复制到一个新的哈希中，并将键符号化:

my_hash = my_hash.inject({}){|memo,(k,v)| memo[k.to_sym] = v; memo}

使用Rails，您可以使用:

my_hash.symbolize_keys
my_hash.deep_symbolize_keys 

类似于前面的解决方案，但写得有点不同。

This allows for a hash that is nested and/or has arrays. Get conversion of keys to a string as a bonus. Code does not mutate the hash been passed in. module HashUtils def symbolize_keys(hash) transformer_function = ->(key) { key.to_sym } transform_keys(hash, transformer_function) end def stringify_keys(hash) transformer_function = ->(key) { key.to_s } transform_keys(hash, transformer_function) end def transform_keys(obj, transformer_function) case obj when Array obj.map{|value| transform_keys(value, transformer_function)} when Hash obj.each_with_object({}) do |(key, value), hash| hash[transformer_function.call(key)] = transform_keys(value, transformer_function) end else obj end end end

如果您需要这样做的原因是因为您的数据最初来自JSON，那么您可以跳过任何解析，只需在摄取JSON时传入:symbolize_names选项即可。

不需要Rails和工作与Ruby >1.9

JSON.parse(my_json, :symbolize_names => true)