您可以使用plt.rcParams[“font.size”]在matplotlib中设置font_size，也可以使用plt.rcParams[“font-family”]在matplotlib设置font_family。请尝试以下示例：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('seaborn-whitegrid')

label = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
x = [0.001906,0.000571308,0.0020305,0.0037422,0.0047095,0.000846667,0.000819,0.000907]
y = [0.2943301,0.047778308,0.048003167,0.1770876,0.532489833,0.024611333,0.157498667,0.0272095]


plt.ylabel('eigen centrality')
plt.xlabel('betweenness centrality')
plt.text(0.001906, 0.2943301, '1 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000571308, 0.047778308, '2 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0020305, 0.048003167, '3 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0037422, 0.1770876, '4 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0047095, 0.532489833, '5 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000846667, 0.024611333, '6 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000819, 0.157498667, '7 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000907, 0.0272095, '8 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.rcParams["font.family"] = "Times New Roman"
plt.rcParams["font.size"] = "50"
plt.plot(x, y, 'o', color='blue')

我只是想指出，Herman Schaaf和Pedro M Duarte的答案都有效，但在实例化子图（）之前必须这样做，这些设置不会影响已经实例化的对象。我知道这不是一个简单的问题，但当我在调用subplots（）后尝试使用这些更改时，我花了相当长的时间来弄清楚为什么这些答案对我不起作用。

例如：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 6,})
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
#create your plot
plt.show()

or

SMALL_SIZE = 8
MEDIUM_SIZE = 10
BIGGER_SIZE = 12

plt.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)          # controls default text sizes
plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
#create your plot
plt.show()

我完全同意Huster教授的观点，即最简单的方法是改变图形的大小，这样可以保持默认字体。我只需要在将图形保存为pdf时使用bbox_inches选项来补充这一点，因为轴标签被剪切了。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.figure(figsize=(4,3))
plt.savefig('Basic.pdf', bbox_inches='tight')

如果你像我一样是一个控制狂，你可能需要明确设置所有字体大小：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

SMALL_SIZE = 8
MEDIUM_SIZE = 10
BIGGER_SIZE = 12

plt.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)          # controls default text sizes
plt.rc('axes', titlesize=SMALL_SIZE)     # fontsize of the axes title
plt.rc('axes', labelsize=MEDIUM_SIZE)    # fontsize of the x and y labels
plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('legend', fontsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # legend fontsize
plt.rc('figure', titlesize=BIGGER_SIZE)  # fontsize of the figure title

注意，您还可以在matplotlib上设置调用rc方法的大小：

import matplotlib

SMALL_SIZE = 8
matplotlib.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)
matplotlib.rc('axes', titlesize=SMALL_SIZE)

# and so on ...

基于以上内容：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as fm

fontPath = "/usr/share/fonts/abc.ttf"
font = fm.FontProperties(fname=fontPath, size=10)
font2 = fm.FontProperties(fname=fontPath, size=24)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(32, 24))
fig.text(0.5, 0.93, "This is my Title", horizontalalignment='center', fontproperties=font2)

plot = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

plot.xaxis.get_label().set_fontproperties(font)
plot.yaxis.get_label().set_fontproperties(font)
plot.legend(loc='upper right', prop=font)

for label in (plot.get_xticklabels() + plot.get_yticklabels()):
    label.set_fontproperties(font)

这里有一种完全不同的方法，可以非常好地改变字体大小：

更改图形大小！

我通常使用这样的代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4,3))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
x = np.linspace(0,6.28,21)
ax.plot(x, np.sin(x), '-^', label="1 Hz")
ax.set_title("Oscillator Output")
ax.set_xlabel("Time (s)")
ax.set_ylabel("Output (V)")
ax.grid(True)
ax.legend(loc=1)
fig.savefig('Basic.png', dpi=300)

图形尺寸越小，字体相对于绘图就越大。这也会放大标记。注意，我还设置了dpi或每英寸点数。我从AMTA（美国模特教师协会）论坛的帖子中了解到这一点。上述代码示例：