您可以使用plt.rcParams[“font.size”]在matplotlib中设置font_size，也可以使用plt.rcParams[“font-family”]在matplotlib设置font_family。请尝试以下示例：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('seaborn-whitegrid')

label = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
x = [0.001906,0.000571308,0.0020305,0.0037422,0.0047095,0.000846667,0.000819,0.000907]
y = [0.2943301,0.047778308,0.048003167,0.1770876,0.532489833,0.024611333,0.157498667,0.0272095]


plt.ylabel('eigen centrality')
plt.xlabel('betweenness centrality')
plt.text(0.001906, 0.2943301, '1 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000571308, 0.047778308, '2 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0020305, 0.048003167, '3 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0037422, 0.1770876, '4 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.0047095, 0.532489833, '5 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000846667, 0.024611333, '6 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000819, 0.157498667, '7 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.text(0.000907, 0.0272095, '8 ', ha='right', va='center')
plt.rcParams["font.family"] = "Times New Roman"
plt.rcParams["font.size"] = "50"
plt.plot(x, y, 'o', color='blue')

如果你像我一样是一个控制狂，你可能需要明确设置所有字体大小：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

SMALL_SIZE = 8
MEDIUM_SIZE = 10
BIGGER_SIZE = 12

plt.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)          # controls default text sizes
plt.rc('axes', titlesize=SMALL_SIZE)     # fontsize of the axes title
plt.rc('axes', labelsize=MEDIUM_SIZE)    # fontsize of the x and y labels
plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('legend', fontsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # legend fontsize
plt.rc('figure', titlesize=BIGGER_SIZE)  # fontsize of the figure title

注意，您还可以在matplotlib上设置调用rc方法的大小：

import matplotlib

SMALL_SIZE = 8
matplotlib.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)
matplotlib.rc('axes', titlesize=SMALL_SIZE)

# and so on ...

从matplotlib文档中，

font = {'family' : 'normal',
        'weight' : 'bold',
        'size'   : 22}

matplotlib.rc('font', **font)

这将所有项目的字体设置为kwargs对象font指定的字体。

或者，您也可以使用rcParams更新方法，如以下答案所示：

matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})

or

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})

您可以在Customizing matplotlib页面上找到可用财产的完整列表。

我只是想指出，Herman Schaaf和Pedro M Duarte的答案都有效，但在实例化子图（）之前必须这样做，这些设置不会影响已经实例化的对象。我知道这不是一个简单的问题，但当我在调用subplots（）后尝试使用这些更改时，我花了相当长的时间来弄清楚为什么这些答案对我不起作用。

例如：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 6,})
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
#create your plot
plt.show()

or

SMALL_SIZE = 8
MEDIUM_SIZE = 10
BIGGER_SIZE = 12

plt.rc('font', size=SMALL_SIZE)          # controls default text sizes
plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=SMALL_SIZE)    # fontsize of the tick labels
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
#create your plot
plt.show()

matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})

我通过@ryggyr编写了一个修改版本的答案，它允许对单个参数进行更多控制，并在多个子地块上工作：

def set_fontsizes(axes,size,title=np.nan,xlabel=np.nan,ylabel=np.nan,xticks=np.nan,yticks=np.nan):
    if type(axes) != 'numpy.ndarray':
        axes=np.array([axes])
    
    options = [title,xlabel,ylabel,xticks,yticks]
    for i in range(len(options)):
        if np.isnan(options[i]):
            options[i]=size
        
    title,xlabel,ylabel,xticks,yticks=options
    
    for ax in axes.flatten():
        ax.title.set_fontsize(title)
        ax.xaxis.label.set_size(xlabel)
        ax.yaxis.label.set_size(ylabel)
        ax.tick_params(axis='x', labelsize=xticks)
        ax.tick_params(axis='y', labelsize=yticks)