以我为例，我做了如下事情:

if (a.someField == null) {
    return 1;
}

if (b.someField == null) {
    return -1;
}

if (a.someField.equals(b.someField)) {
    return a.someOtherField.compareTo(b.someOtherField);
}

return a.someField.compareTo(b.someField);

我忘记检查的是当a.someField和b.someField都为空时。

以我为例，我做了如下事情:

if (a.someField == null) {
    return 1;
}

if (b.someField == null) {
    return -1;
}

if (a.someField.equals(b.someField)) {
    return a.someOtherField.compareTo(b.someOtherField);
}

return a.someField.compareTo(b.someField);

我忘记检查的是当a.someField和b.someField都为空时。

我也遇到过同样的问题，但我解决了。

//This this your code

private int compareParents(Foo s1, Foo s2) {
    if (s1.getParent() == s2) return -1;
    if (s2.getParent() == s1) return 1;
    return 0;
}

违例是将不同的事物相互比较。

//acceptable
compare between s1.getParent() and s2.getParent()

//acceptable
compare between s1 and s2

//NOT acceptable
compare between s1 and s2.getParent()

//NOT acceptable
compare between s1.getParent() and s2

在我的代码中，我想通过地址的协调来排序。在比较器中，我错误地比较了X和Y，而不是X和X。

//My code:
    private void sortBasedOnX(){
        //addresses is a list of addresses where each address has X and Y
        addresses.sort((o1, o2) -> {

            String a = o1.getAddress().getX(); 
            String b = o2.getAddress().getY(); //<-- this is supposed to be getX

            return Integer.parseInt(a)-Integer.parseInt(b);
        });
    }

//acceptable
compare between o1.getAddress().getX() and o1.getAddress().getX()

//acceptable
compare between o1.getAddress().getY() and o1.getAddress().getY()

//NOT acceptable
compare between o1.getAddress().getX() and o1.getAddress().getY()

//NOT acceptable
compare between o1.getAddress().getX() and o1.getAddress()

//NOT acceptable
compare between o1.getAddress().getX() and o1

你不能像这样比较对象数据:s1.getParent() == s2 -这将比较对象引用。你应该重写Foo类的equals函数然后像这样比较它们s1.getParent()。equals(s2)

编辑虚拟机配置对我很有用。

-Djava.util.Arrays.useLegacyMergeSort=true

违反合同通常是指比较者在比较对象时没有提供正确或一致的值。例如，你可能想要执行一个字符串比较，并强制空字符串排序到最后:

if ( one.length() == 0 ) {
    return 1;                   // empty string sorts last
}
if ( two.length() == 0 ) {
    return -1;                  // empty string sorts last                  
}
return one.compareToIgnoreCase( two );

但是这忽略了1和2都为空的情况——在这种情况下，返回了错误的值(1而不是0以显示匹配)，比较器将其报告为违规。它应该写成:

if ( one.length() == 0 ) {
    if ( two.length() == 0 ) {
        return 0;               // BOth empty - so indicate
    }
    return 1;                   // empty string sorts last
}
if ( two.length() == 0 ) {
    return -1;                  // empty string sorts last                  
}
return one.compareToIgnoreCase( two );