像val一样，用const关键字定义的变量是不可变的。这里的区别在于，const用于编译时已知的变量。

声明一个变量const很像在Java中使用static关键字。

让我们看看如何在Kotlin中声明一个const变量:

const val COMMUNITY_NAME = "wiki"

用Java编写的类似代码是:

final static String COMMUNITY_NAME = "wiki";

加上上面的答案-

@JvmField可以用来指示Kotlin编译器不生成 getter /setter，并将其公开为字段。

 @JvmField
 val COMMUNITY_NAME = "Wiki"

静态字段

在命名对象或伴生对象中声明的Kotlin属性 将有静态支持字段，无论是在该命名对象或 包含伴生对象的类。

通常这些字段是私有的，但它们可以通过以下方式之一公开:

@JvmField注释; lateinit修饰语; const修饰符。

更多详情请访问:https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/java-to-kotlin-interop.html#instance-fields

class Myclass {

    companion object {
        const val MYCONSTANT = 479
    }
}

你有两个选择，你可以使用const关键字或使用@JvmField，这使它成为java的静态最终常量。

class Myclass {

    companion object {
        @JvmField val MYCONSTANT = 479
    }
}

如果您使用@JvmField注释，那么在它编译之后，常量就会以java中调用它的方式为您放入。 就像你在java中调用它一样，当你在代码中调用同伴常量时，编译器会为你替换它。

但是，如果使用const关键字，则常量的值将内联。内联是指在编译后使用实际值。

所以总结一下编译器将为你做什么:

//so for @JvmField:

Foo var1 = Constants.FOO;

//and for const:

Foo var1 = 479

像val一样，用const关键字定义的变量是不可变的。这里的区别在于，const用于编译时已知的变量。

声明一个变量const很像在Java中使用static关键字。

让我们看看如何在Kotlin中声明一个const变量:

const val COMMUNITY_NAME = "wiki"

用Java编写的类似代码是:

final static String COMMUNITY_NAME = "wiki";

加上上面的答案-

@JvmField可以用来指示Kotlin编译器不生成 getter /setter，并将其公开为字段。

 @JvmField
 val COMMUNITY_NAME = "Wiki"

静态字段

在命名对象或伴生对象中声明的Kotlin属性 将有静态支持字段，无论是在该命名对象或 包含伴生对象的类。

通常这些字段是私有的，但它们可以通过以下方式之一公开:

@JvmField注释; lateinit修饰语; const修饰符。

更多详情请访问:https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/java-to-kotlin-interop.html#instance-fields

当地常量:

const val NAME = "name"

全局常量:

object MyConstants{
    val NAME = "name"
    val ID = "_id"
    var EMAIL = "email"
}

访问MyConstants。的名字

Something that isn't mentioned in any of the answers is the overhead of using companion objects. As you can read here, companion objects are in fact objects and creating them consumes resources. In addition, you may need to go through more than one getter function every time you use your constant. If all that you need is a few primitive constants on a few instances of your class, you'll probably just be better off using val to get a better performance and avoid the companion object. The trade off is higher memory consumption if you have many instances of your class so everyone should make their own decision.

TL,博士;文章:

使用伴侣对象实际上会将以下Kotlin代码:

class MyClass {

    companion object {
        private val TAG = "TAG"
    }

    fun helloWorld() {
        println(TAG)
    }
}

在这段Java代码中:

public final class MyClass {
    private static final String TAG = "TAG";
    public static final Companion companion = new Companion();

    // synthetic
    public static final String access$getTAG$cp() {
        return TAG;
    }

    public static final class Companion {
        private final String getTAG() {
            return MyClass.access$getTAG$cp();
        }

        // synthetic
        public static final String access$getTAG$p(Companion c) {
            return c.getTAG();
        }
    }

    public final void helloWorld() {
        System.out.println(Companion.access$getTAG$p(companion));
    }
}

对于基元和字符串:

/** The empty String. */
const val EMPTY_STRING = ""

其他情况:

/** The empty array of Strings. */
@JvmField val EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = arrayOfNulls<String>(0)

例子:

/*
 * Copyright 2018 Vorlonsoft LLC
 *
 * Licensed under The MIT License (MIT)
 */

package com.vorlonsoft.android.rate

import com.vorlonsoft.android.rate.Constants.Utils.Companion.UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE

/**
 * Constants Class - the constants class of the AndroidRate library.
 *
 * @constructor Constants is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
 * @since       1.1.8
 * @version     1.2.1
 * @author      Alexander Savin
 */
internal class Constants private constructor() {
    /** Constants Class initializer block. */
    init {
        throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
    }

    /**
     * Constants.Date Class - the date constants class of the AndroidRate library.
     *
     * @constructor Constants.Date is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
     * @since       1.1.8
     * @version     1.2.1
     * @author      Alexander Savin
     */
    internal class Date private constructor() {
        /** Constants.Date Class initializer block. */
        init {
            throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants.Date$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
        }

        /** The singleton contains date constants. */
        companion object {
            /** The time unit representing one year in days. */
            const val YEAR_IN_DAYS = 365.toShort()
        }
    }

    /**
     * Constants.Utils Class - the utils constants class of the AndroidRate library.
     *
     * @constructor Constants.Utils is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
     * @since       1.1.8
     * @version     1.2.1
     * @author      Alexander Savin
     */
    internal class Utils private constructor() {
        /** Constants.Utils Class initializer block. */
        init {
            throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants.Utils$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
        }

        /** The singleton contains utils constants. */
        companion object {
            /** The empty String. */
            const val EMPTY_STRING = ""
            /** The empty array of Strings. */
            @JvmField val EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = arrayOfNulls<String>(0)
            /** The part 2 of a utility class unsupported operation exception message. */
            const val UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE = " is a utility class and it can't be instantiated!"
        }
    }
}