Something that isn't mentioned in any of the answers is the overhead of using companion objects. As you can read here, companion objects are in fact objects and creating them consumes resources. In addition, you may need to go through more than one getter function every time you use your constant. If all that you need is a few primitive constants on a few instances of your class, you'll probably just be better off using val to get a better performance and avoid the companion object. The trade off is higher memory consumption if you have many instances of your class so everyone should make their own decision.

TL,博士;文章:

使用伴侣对象实际上会将以下Kotlin代码:

class MyClass {

    companion object {
        private val TAG = "TAG"
    }

    fun helloWorld() {
        println(TAG)
    }
}

在这段Java代码中:

public final class MyClass {
    private static final String TAG = "TAG";
    public static final Companion companion = new Companion();

    // synthetic
    public static final String access$getTAG$cp() {
        return TAG;
    }

    public static final class Companion {
        private final String getTAG() {
            return MyClass.access$getTAG$cp();
        }

        // synthetic
        public static final String access$getTAG$p(Companion c) {
            return c.getTAG();
        }
    }

    public final void helloWorld() {
        System.out.println(Companion.access$getTAG$p(companion));
    }
}

在编译时已知的值可以(并且在我看来应该)被标记为常量。

命名约定应该遵循Java约定，并且在从Java代码中使用时应该正确可见(这在某种程度上很难通过伴生对象实现，但无论如何)。

正确的常量声明是:

const val MY_CONST = "something"
const val MY_INT = 1

在Kotlin中，如果你想创建在类中使用的局部常数，那么你可以像下面这样创建它

val MY_CONSTANT = "Constants"

如果你想在kotlin中创建一个公共常量，就像在java中创建public static final一样，你可以像下面这样创建它。

companion object{

     const val MY_CONSTANT = "Constants"

}

在Kotlin中声明常量不需要类、对象或伴生对象。您可以声明一个包含所有常量的文件(例如constants。或者你也可以把它们放在任何现有的Kotlin文件中)，并直接在文件中声明常量。编译时已知的常量必须用const标记。

所以，在这种情况下，它应该是:

const val MY_CONST = "something"

然后你可以导入常量使用:

import package_name.MY_CONST

你可以参考这个链接

避免使用伴随对象。在底层，为可访问的字段创建了getter和setter实例方法。从技术上讲，调用实例方法比调用静态方法代价更大。

public class DbConstants {
    companion object {
        val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID = "_id"
        val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_DATA = "data"
    }

而是在object中定义常量。

推荐的做法:

object DbConstants {
    const val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID = "_id"
    const val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_DATA = "data"
}

并像这样全局访问它们: DbConstants。TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID

如果你把const val valName = valValue放在类名之前，这样就会创建一个

public static final YourClass。Kt会有公共的静态最终值。

科特林：

const val MY_CONST0 = 0
const val MY_CONST1 = 1
data class MyClass(var some: String)

Java反编译:

public final class MyClassKt {
    public static final int MY_CONST0 = 0;
    public static final int MY_CONST1 = 1;
}
// rest of MyClass.java