避免使用伴随对象。在底层，为可访问的字段创建了getter和setter实例方法。从技术上讲，调用实例方法比调用静态方法代价更大。

public class DbConstants {
    companion object {
        val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID = "_id"
        val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_DATA = "data"
    }

而是在object中定义常量。

推荐的做法:

object DbConstants {
    const val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID = "_id"
    const val TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_DATA = "data"
}

并像这样全局访问它们: DbConstants。TABLE_USER_ATTRIBUTE_EMPID

class Myclass {

    companion object {
        const val MYCONSTANT = 479
    }
}

你有两个选择，你可以使用const关键字或使用@JvmField，这使它成为java的静态最终常量。

class Myclass {

    companion object {
        @JvmField val MYCONSTANT = 479
    }
}

如果您使用@JvmField注释，那么在它编译之后，常量就会以java中调用它的方式为您放入。 就像你在java中调用它一样，当你在代码中调用同伴常量时，编译器会为你替换它。

但是，如果使用const关键字，则常量的值将内联。内联是指在编译后使用实际值。

所以总结一下编译器将为你做什么:

//so for @JvmField:

Foo var1 = Constants.FOO;

//and for const:

Foo var1 = 479

当地常量:

const val NAME = "name"

全局常量:

object MyConstants{
    val NAME = "name"
    val ID = "_id"
    var EMAIL = "email"
}

访问MyConstants。的名字

对于基元和字符串:

/** The empty String. */
const val EMPTY_STRING = ""

其他情况:

/** The empty array of Strings. */
@JvmField val EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = arrayOfNulls<String>(0)

例子:

/*
 * Copyright 2018 Vorlonsoft LLC
 *
 * Licensed under The MIT License (MIT)
 */

package com.vorlonsoft.android.rate

import com.vorlonsoft.android.rate.Constants.Utils.Companion.UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE

/**
 * Constants Class - the constants class of the AndroidRate library.
 *
 * @constructor Constants is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
 * @since       1.1.8
 * @version     1.2.1
 * @author      Alexander Savin
 */
internal class Constants private constructor() {
    /** Constants Class initializer block. */
    init {
        throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
    }

    /**
     * Constants.Date Class - the date constants class of the AndroidRate library.
     *
     * @constructor Constants.Date is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
     * @since       1.1.8
     * @version     1.2.1
     * @author      Alexander Savin
     */
    internal class Date private constructor() {
        /** Constants.Date Class initializer block. */
        init {
            throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants.Date$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
        }

        /** The singleton contains date constants. */
        companion object {
            /** The time unit representing one year in days. */
            const val YEAR_IN_DAYS = 365.toShort()
        }
    }

    /**
     * Constants.Utils Class - the utils constants class of the AndroidRate library.
     *
     * @constructor Constants.Utils is a utility class and it can't be instantiated.
     * @since       1.1.8
     * @version     1.2.1
     * @author      Alexander Savin
     */
    internal class Utils private constructor() {
        /** Constants.Utils Class initializer block. */
        init {
            throw UnsupportedOperationException("Constants.Utils$UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE")
        }

        /** The singleton contains utils constants. */
        companion object {
            /** The empty String. */
            const val EMPTY_STRING = ""
            /** The empty array of Strings. */
            @JvmField val EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = arrayOfNulls<String>(0)
            /** The part 2 of a utility class unsupported operation exception message. */
            const val UTILITY_CLASS_MESSAGE = " is a utility class and it can't be instantiated!"
        }
    }
}

Kotlin静态和常量值&方法声明

object MyConstant {

@JvmField   // for access in java code 
val PI: Double = 3.14

@JvmStatic // JvmStatic annotation for access in java code
fun sumValue(v1: Int, v2: Int): Int {
    return v1 + v2
}

}

在任何地方访问值

val value = MyConstant.PI
val value = MyConstant.sumValue(10,5)

在Kotlin中，如果你想创建在类中使用的局部常数，那么你可以像下面这样创建它

val MY_CONSTANT = "Constants"

如果你想在kotlin中创建一个公共常量，就像在java中创建public static final一样，你可以像下面这样创建它。

companion object{

     const val MY_CONSTANT = "Constants"

}