我想跟踪jquery生产js文件，这是有效的:

node_modules/*
!node_modules/jquery
node_modules/jquery/*
!node_modules/jquery/dist/*

特别是对于较旧的Git版本，大多数建议都不能很好地工作。 如果是这种情况，我将在我希望包含内容的目录中放置一个单独的.gitignore，而不考虑其他设置，并允许其中包含所需的内容。

例如: / .gitignore

# ignore all .dll files
*.dll

/ dependency_files .gitignore

# include everything
!*

因此，/dependency_files中的所有内容(甚至是.dll文件)都被很好地包含在内。

gitignore -指定有意忽略的未跟踪文件。

示例排除除特定目录foo/bar以外的所有内容(注意/* -没有斜杠，通配符也会排除foo/bar内的所有内容):

$ cat .gitignore
# exclude everything except directory foo/bar
/*
!/foo
/foo/*
!/foo/bar

WordPress的另一个例子:

!/wp-content
wp-content/*
!/wp-content/plugins
wp-content/plugins/*
!wp-content/plugins/my-awesome-plugin

更多信息在这里:https://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore

我发现只有这个可行。

**/node_modules/*
!**/node_modules/keep-dir

这是另一个遍历目录结构以获得所需内容的示例。注意:我没有排除Library/，而是排除Library/**/*

# .gitignore file
Library/**/*
!Library/Application Support/
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/*macro
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/*snippet
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/*settings
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/*keymap
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/*theme
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/*macro
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/*snippet
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/*settings
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/*keymap
!Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/**/*theme

> git添加库

> git 状态

On branch master
Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.
Changes to be committed:
  (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/Default (OSX).sublime-keymap
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/ElixirSublime.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/Package Control.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/Preferences.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/RESTer.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/SublimeLinter/Monokai (SL).tmTheme
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/TextPastryHistory.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/ZenTabs.sublime-settings
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/adrian-comment.sublime-macro
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/json-pretty-generate.sublime-snippet
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/raise-exception.sublime-snippet
    new file:   Library/Application Support/Sublime Text 3/Packages/User/trailing_spaces.sublime-settings

我想跟踪位于/etc/nagios/中的Nagios配置文件以及/usr/lib64/ Nagios /plugins/中的插件。为此，我在/中初始化了一个git repo，并使用了以下排除列表:

/*
!etc
etc/*
!etc/nagios
!usr
usr/*
!usr/lib64
usr/lib64/*
!usr/lib64/nagios
usr/lib64/nagios/*
!usr/lib64/nagios/plugins

Git像这样遍历列表:

/*             exclude everything under / ...
!etc           but include /etc back
etc/*             exclude everything under /etc/...
!etc/nagios       but include /etc/nagios back
!usr           but include /usr back
usr/*             exclude everything under /usr/...
                  and so on...