简单易修改，参数可以按任意顺序排列。这可以修改为采用任何形式的参数（-a、-a、a等）。

for arg in "$@"
do
   key=$(echo $arg | cut -f1 -d=)`
   value=$(echo $arg | cut -f2 -d=)`
   case "$key" in
        name|-name)      read_name=$value;;
        id|-id)          read_id=$value;;
        *)               echo "I dont know what to do with this"
   ease
done

保留未处理参数的解决方案。包括演示。

这是我的解决方案。它非常灵活，不像其他软件包，不需要外部包，并且可以干净地处理遗留的参数。

用法为：/myscript-flag flag变量-otherflag flagvar2

您所要做的就是编辑有效标记行。它在前面加上连字符并搜索所有参数。然后它将下一个参数定义为标志名，例如。

./myscript -flag flagvariable -otherflag flagvar2
echo $flag $otherflag
flagvariable flagvar2

主要代码（简短的版本，详细的示例，以及错误输出的版本）：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#shebang.io
validflags="rate time number"
count=1
for arg in $@
do
    match=0
    argval=$1
    for flag in $validflags
    do
        sflag="-"$flag
        if [ "$argval" == "$sflag" ]
        then
            declare $flag=$2
            match=1
        fi
    done
        if [ "$match" == "1" ]
    then
        shift 2
    else
        leftovers=$(echo $leftovers $argval)
        shift
    fi
    count=$(($count+1))
done
#Cleanup then restore the leftovers
shift $#
set -- $leftovers

带有内置echo演示的详细版本：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#shebang.io
rate=30
time=30
number=30
echo "all args
$@"
validflags="rate time number"
count=1
for arg in $@
do
    match=0
    argval=$1
#   argval=$(echo $@ | cut -d ' ' -f$count)
    for flag in $validflags
    do
            sflag="-"$flag
        if [ "$argval" == "$sflag" ]
        then
            declare $flag=$2
            match=1
        fi
    done
        if [ "$match" == "1" ]
    then
        shift 2
    else
        leftovers=$(echo $leftovers $argval)
        shift
    fi
    count=$(($count+1))
done

#Cleanup then restore the leftovers
echo "pre final clear args:
$@"
shift $#
echo "post final clear args:
$@"
set -- $leftovers
echo "all post set args:
$@"
echo arg1: $1 arg2: $2

echo leftovers: $leftovers
echo rate $rate time $time number $number

最后一个，如果传递了一个无效的参数，这一个会出错。

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#shebang.io
rate=30
time=30
number=30
validflags="rate time number"
count=1
for arg in $@
do
    argval=$1
    match=0
        if [ "${argval:0:1}" == "-" ]
    then
        for flag in $validflags
        do
                sflag="-"$flag
            if [ "$argval" == "$sflag" ]
            then
                declare $flag=$2
                match=1
            fi
        done
        if [ "$match" == "0" ]
        then
            echo "Bad argument: $argval"
            exit 1
        fi
        shift 2
    else
        leftovers=$(echo $leftovers $argval)
        shift
    fi
    count=$(($count+1))
done
#Cleanup then restore the leftovers
shift $#
set -- $leftovers
echo rate $rate time $time number $number
echo leftovers: $leftovers

优点：不管怎么说，它处理得很好。它保留了许多其他解决方案所没有的未使用的参数。它还允许调用变量，而无需在脚本中手动定义。如果没有给出相应的参数，它还允许预填充变量。（请参阅详细示例）。

缺点：无法解析单个复杂的arg字符串，例如-xcvf将作为单个参数处理。不过，您可以很容易地在我的代码中编写额外的代码，以添加此功能。

我最终实现了公认答案的dash（或/bin/sh）版本，基本上不使用数组：

while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
    case "$1" in
    -v|--verbose) verbose=1; shift;;
    -o|--output) if [[ $# -gt 1 && "$2" != -* ]]; then
            file=$2; shift 2
        else
            echo "-o requires file-path" 1>&2; exit 1
        fi ;;
    --)
        while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do BACKUP="$BACKUP;$1"; shift; done
        break;;
    *)
        BACKUP="$BACKUP;$1"
        shift
        ;;
    esac
done
# Restore unused arguments.
while [ -n "$BACKUP" ] ; do
    [ ! -z "${BACKUP%%;*}" ] && set -- "$@" "${BACKUP%%;*}"
    [ "$BACKUP" = "${BACKUP/;/}" ] && break
    BACKUP="${BACKUP#*;}"
done

这是我在函数中如何避免在堆栈的较高位置同时中断getopts运行：

function waitForWeb () {
   local OPTIND=1 OPTARG OPTION
   local host=localhost port=8080 proto=http
   while getopts "h:p:r:" OPTION; do
      case "$OPTION" in
      h)
         host="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      p)
         port="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      r)
         proto="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      esac
   done
...
}

我使用前面的答案作为一个起点来整理我以前的即席参数解析。然后我重构了以下模板代码。它使用=或空格分隔的参数以及组合在一起的多个短参数来处理长参数和短参数。最后，它将所有非参数参数重新插入到$1，$2..变量中。

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# NOTICE: Uncomment if your script depends on bashisms.
#if [ -z "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then bash $0 $@ ; exit $? ; fi

echo "Before"
for i ; do echo - $i ; done


# Code template for parsing command line parameters using only portable shell
# code, while handling both long and short params, handling '-f file' and
# '-f=file' style param data and also capturing non-parameters to be inserted
# back into the shell positional parameters.

while [ -n "$1" ]; do
        # Copy so we can modify it (can't modify $1)
        OPT="$1"
        # Detect argument termination
        if [ x"$OPT" = x"--" ]; then
                shift
                for OPT ; do
                        REMAINS="$REMAINS \"$OPT\""
                done
                break
        fi
        # Parse current opt
        while [ x"$OPT" != x"-" ] ; do
                case "$OPT" in
                        # Handle --flag=value opts like this
                        -c=* | --config=* )
                                CONFIGFILE="${OPT#*=}"
                                shift
                                ;;
                        # and --flag value opts like this
                        -c* | --config )
                                CONFIGFILE="$2"
                                shift
                                ;;
                        -f* | --force )
                                FORCE=true
                                ;;
                        -r* | --retry )
                                RETRY=true
                                ;;
                        # Anything unknown is recorded for later
                        * )
                                REMAINS="$REMAINS \"$OPT\""
                                break
                                ;;
                esac
                # Check for multiple short options
                # NOTICE: be sure to update this pattern to match valid options
                NEXTOPT="${OPT#-[cfr]}" # try removing single short opt
                if [ x"$OPT" != x"$NEXTOPT" ] ; then
                        OPT="-$NEXTOPT"  # multiple short opts, keep going
                else
                        break  # long form, exit inner loop
                fi
        done
        # Done with that param. move to next
        shift
done
# Set the non-parameters back into the positional parameters ($1 $2 ..)
eval set -- $REMAINS


echo -e "After: \n configfile='$CONFIGFILE' \n force='$FORCE' \n retry='$RETRY' \n remains='$REMAINS'"
for i ; do echo - $i ; done

使用bash模块中的模块“参数”

例子：

#!/bin/bash
. import.sh log arguments

NAME="world"

parse_arguments "-n|--name)NAME;S" -- "$@" || {
  error "Cannot parse command line."
  exit 1
}

info "Hello, $NAME!"