我有以下列举:
public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
FORMS = 1,
WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
SINGLESIGNON = 3
}
然而问题是,当我请求AuthenticationMethod时,我需要“FORMS”这个词。表单而不是id
对于这个问题,我找到了以下解决方案(链接):
首先,我需要创建一个自定义属性“StringValue”:
public class StringValue : System.Attribute
{
private readonly string _value;
public StringValue(string value)
{
_value = value;
}
public string Value
{
get { return _value; }
}
}
然后我可以将这个属性添加到我的枚举器中:
public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
[StringValue("FORMS")]
FORMS = 1,
[StringValue("WINDOWS")]
WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
[StringValue("SSO")]
SINGLESIGNON = 3
}
当然,我需要一些东西来检索StringValue:
public static class StringEnum
{
public static string GetStringValue(Enum value)
{
string output = null;
Type type = value.GetType();
//Check first in our cached results...
//Look for our 'StringValueAttribute'
//in the field's custom attributes
FieldInfo fi = type.GetField(value.ToString());
StringValue[] attrs =
fi.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(StringValue),
false) as StringValue[];
if (attrs.Length > 0)
{
output = attrs[0].Value;
}
return output;
}
}
很好,现在我已经有了工具来获取枚举器的字符串值。
然后我可以这样使用它:
string valueOfAuthenticationMethod = StringEnum.GetStringValue(AuthenticationMethod.FORMS);
好的,现在所有这些工作就像一个魅力,但我发现它有很多工作。我想知道有没有更好的解决办法。
我还尝试了一些字典和静态属性,但这也不是更好。
当我遇到这样的情况时,我提出下面的解决方案。
作为一个消费阶级,你可以有
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace MyApp.Dictionaries
{
class Greek
{
public static readonly string Alpha = "Alpha";
public static readonly string Beta = "Beta";
public static readonly string Gamma = "Gamma";
public static readonly string Delta = "Delta";
private static readonly BiDictionary<int, string> Dictionary = new BiDictionary<int, string>();
static Greek() {
Dictionary.Add(1, Alpha);
Dictionary.Add(2, Beta);
Dictionary.Add(3, Gamma);
Dictionary.Add(4, Delta);
}
public static string getById(int id){
return Dictionary.GetByFirst(id);
}
public static int getByValue(string value)
{
return Dictionary.GetBySecond(value);
}
}
}
使用双向字典:
基于此(https://stackoverflow.com/a/255638/986160),假设键将与字典中的单个值相关联,类似于(https://stackoverflow.com/a/255630/986160),但更优雅一些。这个字典也是可枚举的,你可以在整型和字符串之间来回切换。此外,除了这个类,你的代码库中不需要有任何字符串。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
namespace MyApp.Dictionaries
{
class BiDictionary<TFirst, TSecond> : IEnumerable
{
IDictionary<TFirst, TSecond> firstToSecond = new Dictionary<TFirst, TSecond>();
IDictionary<TSecond, TFirst> secondToFirst = new Dictionary<TSecond, TFirst>();
public void Add(TFirst first, TSecond second)
{
firstToSecond.Add(first, second);
secondToFirst.Add(second, first);
}
public TSecond this[TFirst first]
{
get { return GetByFirst(first); }
}
public TFirst this[TSecond second]
{
get { return GetBySecond(second); }
}
public TSecond GetByFirst(TFirst first)
{
return firstToSecond[first];
}
public TFirst GetBySecond(TSecond second)
{
return secondToFirst[second];
}
public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
{
return GetFirstEnumerator();
}
public IEnumerator GetFirstEnumerator()
{
return firstToSecond.GetEnumerator();
}
public IEnumerator GetSecondEnumerator()
{
return secondToFirst.GetEnumerator();
}
}
}
我的变体
public struct Colors
{
private String current;
private static string red = "#ff0000";
private static string green = "#00ff00";
private static string blue = "#0000ff";
private static IList<String> possibleColors;
public static Colors Red { get { return (Colors) red; } }
public static Colors Green { get { return (Colors) green; } }
public static Colors Blue { get { return (Colors) blue; } }
static Colors()
{
possibleColors = new List<string>() {red, green, blue};
}
public static explicit operator String(Colors value)
{
return value.current;
}
public static explicit operator Colors(String value)
{
if (!possibleColors.Contains(value))
{
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
Colors color = new Colors();
color.current = value;
return color;
}
public static bool operator ==(Colors left, Colors right)
{
return left.current == right.current;
}
public static bool operator !=(Colors left, Colors right)
{
return left.current != right.current;
}
public bool Equals(Colors other)
{
return Equals(other.current, current);
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
if (obj.GetType() != typeof(Colors)) return false;
return Equals((Colors)obj);
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return (current != null ? current.GetHashCode() : 0);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return current;
}
}
代码看起来有点丑,但是这个结构体的用法很有代表性。
Colors color1 = Colors.Red;
Console.WriteLine(color1); // #ff0000
Colors color2 = (Colors) "#00ff00";
Console.WriteLine(color2); // #00ff00
// Colors color3 = "#0000ff"; // Compilation error
// String color4 = Colors.Red; // Compilation error
Colors color5 = (Colors)"#ff0000";
Console.WriteLine(color1 == color5); // True
Colors color6 = (Colors)"#00ff00";
Console.WriteLine(color1 == color6); // False
此外,我认为,如果需要大量这样的枚举,可能会使用代码生成(例如T4)。