背景
我刚刚把我的熊猫从0.11升级到0.13.0rc1。现在,应用程序弹出了许多新的警告。其中一个是这样的:
E:\FinReporter\FM_EXT.py:449: SettingWithCopyWarning: A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_index,col_indexer] = value instead
quote_df['TVol'] = quote_df['TVol']/TVOL_SCALE
我想知道这到底是什么意思?我需要改变什么吗?
如果我坚持使用quote_df['TVol'] = quote_df['TVol']/TVOL_SCALE,我应该如何暂停警告?
给出错误的函数
def _decode_stock_quote(list_of_150_stk_str):
"""decode the webpage and return dataframe"""
from cStringIO import StringIO
str_of_all = "".join(list_of_150_stk_str)
quote_df = pd.read_csv(StringIO(str_of_all), sep=',', names=list('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefg')) #dtype={'A': object, 'B': object, 'C': np.float64}
quote_df.rename(columns={'A':'STK', 'B':'TOpen', 'C':'TPCLOSE', 'D':'TPrice', 'E':'THigh', 'F':'TLow', 'I':'TVol', 'J':'TAmt', 'e':'TDate', 'f':'TTime'}, inplace=True)
quote_df = quote_df.ix[:,[0,3,2,1,4,5,8,9,30,31]]
quote_df['TClose'] = quote_df['TPrice']
quote_df['RT'] = 100 * (quote_df['TPrice']/quote_df['TPCLOSE'] - 1)
quote_df['TVol'] = quote_df['TVol']/TVOL_SCALE
quote_df['TAmt'] = quote_df['TAmt']/TAMT_SCALE
quote_df['STK_ID'] = quote_df['STK'].str.slice(13,19)
quote_df['STK_Name'] = quote_df['STK'].str.slice(21,30)#.decode('gb2312')
quote_df['TDate'] = quote_df.TDate.map(lambda x: x[0:4]+x[5:7]+x[8:10])
return quote_df
更多错误消息
E:\FinReporter\FM_EXT.py:449: SettingWithCopyWarning: A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_index,col_indexer] = value instead
quote_df['TVol'] = quote_df['TVol']/TVOL_SCALE
E:\FinReporter\FM_EXT.py:450: SettingWithCopyWarning: A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_index,col_indexer] = value instead
quote_df['TAmt'] = quote_df['TAmt']/TAMT_SCALE
E:\FinReporter\FM_EXT.py:453: SettingWithCopyWarning: A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
Try using .loc[row_index,col_indexer] = value instead
quote_df['TDate'] = quote_df.TDate.map(lambda x: x[0:4]+x[5:7]+x[8:10])
我相信你可以这样避免整个问题:
return (
pd.read_csv(StringIO(str_of_all), sep=',', names=list('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefg')) #dtype={'A': object, 'B': object, 'C': np.float64}
.rename(columns={'A':'STK', 'B':'TOpen', 'C':'TPCLOSE', 'D':'TPrice', 'E':'THigh', 'F':'TLow', 'I':'TVol', 'J':'TAmt', 'e':'TDate', 'f':'TTime'}, inplace=True)
.ix[:,[0,3,2,1,4,5,8,9,30,31]]
.assign(
TClose=lambda df: df['TPrice'],
RT=lambda df: 100 * (df['TPrice']/quote_df['TPCLOSE'] - 1),
TVol=lambda df: df['TVol']/TVOL_SCALE,
TAmt=lambda df: df['TAmt']/TAMT_SCALE,
STK_ID=lambda df: df['STK'].str.slice(13,19),
STK_Name=lambda df: df['STK'].str.slice(21,30)#.decode('gb2312'),
TDate=lambda df: df.TDate.map(lambda x: x[0:4]+x[5:7]+x[8:10]),
)
)
使用分配。来自文档:为DataFrame分配新列,返回一个新对象(副本),其中包含所有原始列和新列。
参见Tom Augspurger关于熊猫方法链接的文章:《现代熊猫(第二部分):方法链接》
为了消除任何疑问,我的解决方案是对切片进行深度复制,而不是常规复制。
这可能不适用,这取决于你的上下文(内存限制/片的大小,潜在的性能下降-特别是如果复制发生在一个循环中,就像它对我做的那样,等等…)
澄清一下,以下是我收到的警告:
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ipykernel/__main__.py:54:
SettingWithCopyWarning: A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame
See the caveats in the documentation:
http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/indexing.html#indexing-view-versus-copy
插图
我怀疑警告之所以被抛出,是因为我在切片的副本上放置了一列。虽然从技术上讲没有尝试在切片的副本中设置值,但这仍然是对切片副本的修改。
以下是我所采取的(简化的)步骤来确认怀疑,我希望它能帮助那些试图理解警告的人。
例1:删除原始数据上的一列会影响副本
我们已经知道了,但这是一个健康的提醒。这不是警告的内容。
>> data1 = {'A': [111, 112, 113], 'B':[121, 122, 123]}
>> df1 = pd.DataFrame(data1)
>> df1
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
>> df2 = df1
>> df2
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
# Dropping a column on df1 affects df2
>> df1.drop('A', axis=1, inplace=True)
>> df2
B
0 121
1 122
2 123
可以避免在df1上所做的更改影响df2。注意:你可以通过执行df.copy()来避免导入copy.deepcopy。
>> data1 = {'A': [111, 112, 113], 'B':[121, 122, 123]}
>> df1 = pd.DataFrame(data1)
>> df1
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
>> import copy
>> df2 = copy.deepcopy(df1)
>> df2
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
# Dropping a column on df1 does not affect df2
>> df1.drop('A', axis=1, inplace=True)
>> df2
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
例2:删除副本上的一列可能会影响原始数据
这实际上说明了警告。
>> data1 = {'A': [111, 112, 113], 'B':[121, 122, 123]}
>> df1 = pd.DataFrame(data1)
>> df1
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
>> df2 = df1
>> df2
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
# Dropping a column on df2 can affect df1
# No slice involved here, but I believe the principle remains the same?
# Let me know if not
>> df2.drop('A', axis=1, inplace=True)
>> df1
B
0 121
1 122
2 123
可以避免在df2上所做的更改影响df1
>> data1 = {'A': [111, 112, 113], 'B':[121, 122, 123]}
>> df1 = pd.DataFrame(data1)
>> df1
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
>> import copy
>> df2 = copy.deepcopy(df1)
>> df2
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123
>> df2.drop('A', axis=1, inplace=True)
>> df1
A B
0 111 121
1 112 122
2 113 123