我最近才发现了一个很好的方法，使用MyISAM和InnoDB，而且非常快:

RENAME TABLE old_db.table TO new_db.table;

我不记得我在哪里读到的，但功劳归于别人，而不是我。

如果你使用的是phpMyAdmin，那么你只需要到xamp中的mysql文件夹，关闭phpMyAdmin，然后重命名你看到的文件夹作为你的数据库名，然后重新启动你的phpMyAdmin。可以看到数据库重命名了。

这里的大多数答案都是错误的，原因有两个:

不能只使用RENAME TABLE，因为可能存在视图和触发器。如果有触发器，RENAME TABLE将失败 如果你想“快速”(如问题中要求的)重命名一个大数据库，你不能使用mysqldump

Percona有一篇关于如何做到这一点的博客文章: https://www.percona.com/blog/2013/12/24/renaming-database-schema-mysql/

以及由西蒙·R·琼斯(Simon R Jones)发布的脚本(制作的?)我修复了在脚本中发现的一个错误。你可以在这里看到:

https://gist.github.com/ryantm/76944318b0473ff25993ef2a7186213d

以下是它的副本:

#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2013 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
# @see https://www.percona.com/blog/2013/12/24/renaming-database-schema-mysql/
set -e
if [ -z "$3" ]; then
    echo "rename_db <server> <database> <new_database>"
    exit 1
fi
db_exists=`mysql -h $1 -e "show databases like '$3'" -sss`
if [ -n "$db_exists" ]; then
    echo "ERROR: New database already exists $3"
    exit 1
fi
TIMESTAMP=`date +%s`
character_set=`mysql -h $1 -e "SELECT default_character_set_name FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA WHERE schema_name = '$2'" -sss`
TABLES=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE'" -sss`
STATUS=$?
if [ "$STATUS" != 0 ] || [ -z "$TABLES" ]; then
    echo "Error retrieving tables from $2"
    exit 1
fi
echo "create database $3 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET $character_set"
mysql -h $1 -e "create database $3 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET $character_set"
TRIGGERS=`mysql -h $1 $2 -e "show triggers\G" | grep Trigger: | awk '{print $2}'`
VIEWS=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='VIEW'" -sss`
if [ -n "$VIEWS" ]; then
    mysqldump -h $1 $2 $VIEWS > /tmp/${2}_views${TIMESTAMP}.dump
fi
mysqldump -h $1 $2 -d -t -R -E > /tmp/${2}_triggers${TIMESTAMP}.dump
for TRIGGER in $TRIGGERS; do
    echo "drop trigger $TRIGGER"
    mysql -h $1 $2 -e "drop trigger $TRIGGER"
done
for TABLE in $TABLES; do
    echo "rename table $2.$TABLE to $3.$TABLE"
    mysql -h $1 $2 -e "SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; rename table $2.$TABLE to $3.$TABLE"
done
if [ -n "$VIEWS" ]; then
    echo "loading views"
    mysql -h $1 $3 < /tmp/${2}_views${TIMESTAMP}.dump
fi
echo "loading triggers, routines and events"
mysql -h $1 $3 < /tmp/${2}_triggers${TIMESTAMP}.dump
TABLES=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE'" -sss`
if [ -z "$TABLES" ]; then
    echo "Dropping database $2"
    mysql -h $1 $2 -e "drop database $2"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.columns_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
    COLUMNS_PRIV="    UPDATE mysql.columns_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.procs_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
    PROCS_PRIV="    UPDATE mysql.procs_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.tables_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
    TABLES_PRIV="    UPDATE mysql.tables_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.db where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
    DB_PRIV="    UPDATE mysql.db set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ -n "$COLUMNS_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$PROCS_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$TABLES_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$DB_PRIV" ]; then
    echo "IF YOU WANT TO RENAME the GRANTS YOU NEED TO RUN ALL OUTPUT BELOW:"
    if [ -n "$COLUMNS_PRIV" ]; then echo "$COLUMNS_PRIV"; fi
    if [ -n "$PROCS_PRIV" ]; then echo "$PROCS_PRIV"; fi
    if [ -n "$TABLES_PRIV" ]; then echo "$TABLES_PRIV"; fi
    if [ -n "$DB_PRIV" ]; then echo "$DB_PRIV"; fi
    echo "    flush privileges;"
fi

将它保存到一个名为rename_db的文件中，并使用chmod +x rename_db使脚本可执行，然后像。/rename_db localhost old_db new_db那样使用它

似乎没有人提到这一点，但这里有另一种方式:

create database NewDatabaseName like OldDatabaseName;

然后对每个表执行:

create NewDatabaseName.tablename like OldDatabaseName.tablename;
insert into NewDataBaseName.tablename select * from OldDatabaseName.tablename;

然后，如果你想，

drop database OldDatabaseName;

这种方法的优点是可以在几乎为零的网络流量的情况下在服务器上完成整个传输，因此它比转储/恢复快得多。

如果你有存储过程/视图等，你可能也想要传输它们。

如果您使用分层视图(视图从其他视图中提取数据)，从mysqldump导入原始输出可能无法工作，因为mysqldump不关心视图的正确顺序。因此，我编写了脚本，重新排序视图，以纠正飞行中的顺序。

它是这样的:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use List::MoreUtils 'first_index'; #apt package liblist-moreutils-perl
use strict;
use warnings;


my $views_sql;

while (<>) {
    $views_sql .= $_ if $views_sql or index($_, 'Final view structure') != -1;
    print $_ if !$views_sql;
}

my @views_regex_result = ($views_sql =~ /(\-\- Final view structure.+?\n\-\-\n\n.+?\n\n)/msg);
my @views = (join("", @views_regex_result) =~ /\-\- Final view structure for view `(.+?)`/g);
my $new_views_section = "";
while (@views) {
    foreach my $view (@views_regex_result) {
        my $view_body = ($view =~ /\/\*.+?VIEW .+ AS (select .+)\*\/;/g )[0];
        my $found = 0;
        foreach my $view (@views) {
            if ($view_body =~ /(from|join)[ \(]+`$view`/) {
                $found = $view;
                last;
            }
        }
        if (!$found) {
            print $view;
            my $name_of_view_which_was_not_found = ($view =~ /\-\- Final view structure for view `(.+?)`/g)[0];
            my $index = first_index { $_ eq $name_of_view_which_was_not_found } @views;
            if ($index != -1) {
                splice(@views, $index, 1);
                splice(@views_regex_result, $index, 1);
            }
        }
    }
}

用法: mysqldump -u username -v olddatabase -p | ./mysqldump_view_reorder.pl | mysql -u username -p -D newdatabase .pl

这是我所使用的:

$ mysqldump -u root -p olddb >~/olddb.sql
$ mysql -u root -p
mysql> create database newdb;
mysql> use newdb
mysql> source ~/olddb.sql
mysql> drop database olddb;