MySQL手册中有介绍。
通常我只是转储数据库并用一个新名称重新导入它。这不是非常大的数据库的一个选项。重命名数据库| SCHEMA} db_name TO new_db_name做坏事，只存在于少数版本中，总的来说是个坏主意。
这需要与InnoDB一起工作，InnoDB存储的东西与MyISAM非常不同。
当前回答
对于InnoDB，下面的方法似乎是可行的:创建新的空数据库，然后依次将每个表重命名为新的数据库:
RENAME TABLE old_db.table TO new_db.table;
之后，您将需要调整权限。
对于在shell中编写脚本，您可以使用以下任何一种:
mysql -u username -ppassword old_db -sNe 'show tables' | while read table; \
do mysql -u username -ppassword -sNe "rename table old_db.$table to new_db.$table"; done
OR
for table in `mysql -u root -ppassword -s -N -e "use old_db;show tables from old_db;"`; do mysql -u root -ppassword -s -N -e "use old_db;rename table old_db.$table to new_db.$table;"; done;
注:
选项-p和密码之间没有空格。如果您的数据库没有密码，请删除-u username -ppassword部分。 如果某个表有触发器，则不能使用上述方法将其移动到另一个数据库(将导致trigger in wrong schema错误)。如果是这种情况，使用传统的方法克隆一个数据库，然后删除旧的: Mysqldump old_db | mysql new_db 如果你有存储过程，你可以在之后复制它们: mysqldump -R old_db | mysql的new_db
其他回答
这是我写的一个批处理文件，从命令行自动化，但它适用于Windows/MS-DOS。
语法:rename_mysqldb database newdatabase -u [user] -p[password]
:: ***************************************************************************
:: FILE: RENAME_MYSQLDB.BAT
:: ***************************************************************************
:: DESCRIPTION
:: This is a Windows /MS-DOS batch file that automates renaming a MySQL database
:: by using MySQLDump, MySQLAdmin, and MySQL to perform the required tasks.
:: The MySQL\bin folder needs to be in your environment path or the working directory.
::
:: WARNING: The script will delete the original database, but only if it successfully
:: created the new copy. However, read the disclaimer below before using.
::
:: DISCLAIMER
:: This script is provided without any express or implied warranties whatsoever.
:: The user must assume the risk of using the script.
::
:: You are free to use, modify, and distribute this script without exception.
:: ***************************************************************************
:INITIALIZE
@ECHO OFF
IF [%2]==[] GOTO HELP
IF [%3]==[] (SET RDB_ARGS=--user=root) ELSE (SET RDB_ARGS=%3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9)
SET RDB_OLDDB=%1
SET RDB_NEWDB=%2
SET RDB_DUMPFILE=%RDB_OLDDB%_dump.sql
GOTO START
:START
SET RDB_STEP=1
ECHO Dumping "%RDB_OLDDB%"...
mysqldump %RDB_ARGS% %RDB_OLDDB% > %RDB_DUMPFILE%
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 GOTO ERROR_ABORT
SET RDB_STEP=2
ECHO Creating database "%RDB_NEWDB%"...
mysqladmin %RDB_ARGS% create %RDB_NEWDB%
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 GOTO ERROR_ABORT
SET RDB_STEP=3
ECHO Loading dump into "%RDB_NEWDB%"...
mysql %RDB_ARGS% %RDB_NEWDB% < %RDB_DUMPFILE%
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 GOTO ERROR_ABORT
SET RDB_STEP=4
ECHO Dropping database "%RDB_OLDDB%"...
mysqladmin %RDB_ARGS% drop %RDB_OLDDB% --force
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 GOTO ERROR_ABORT
SET RDB_STEP=5
ECHO Deleting dump...
DEL %RDB_DUMPFILE%
IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 GOTO ERROR_ABORT
ECHO Renamed database "%RDB_OLDDB%" to "%RDB_NEWDB%".
GOTO END
:ERROR_ABORT
IF %RDB_STEP% GEQ 3 mysqladmin %RDB_ARGS% drop %NEWDB% --force
IF %RDB_STEP% GEQ 1 IF EXIST %RDB_DUMPFILE% DEL %RDB_DUMPFILE%
ECHO Unable to rename database "%RDB_OLDDB%" to "%RDB_NEWDB%".
GOTO END
:HELP
ECHO Renames a MySQL database.
ECHO Usage: %0 database new_database [OPTIONS]
ECHO Options: Any valid options shared by MySQL, MySQLAdmin and MySQLDump.
ECHO --user=root is used if no options are specified.
GOTO END
:END
SET RDB_OLDDB=
SET RDB_NEWDB=
SET RDB_ARGS=
SET RDB_DUMP=
SET RDB_STEP=
TodoInTx的解决方案和user757945的改编解决方案都不适合我的MySQL 5.5.16，所以这里是我的改编版本:
DELIMITER //
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `rename_database`;
CREATE PROCEDURE `rename_database` (IN `old_name` VARCHAR(20), IN `new_name` VARCHAR(20))
BEGIN
DECLARE `current_table_name` VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE `done` INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE `table_name_cursor` CURSOR FOR SELECT `table_name` FROM `information_schema`.`tables` WHERE (`table_schema` = `old_name`);
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET `done` = 1;
SET @sql_string = CONCAT('CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `', `new_name` , '`;');
PREPARE `statement` FROM @sql_string;
EXECUTE `statement`;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE `statement`;
OPEN `table_name_cursor`;
REPEAT
FETCH `table_name_cursor` INTO `current_table_name`;
IF NOT `done` THEN
SET @sql_string = CONCAT('RENAME TABLE `', `old_name`, '`.`', `current_table_name`, '` TO `', `new_name`, '`.`', `current_table_name`, '`;');
PREPARE `statement` FROM @sql_string;
EXECUTE `statement`;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE `statement`;
END IF;
UNTIL `done` END REPEAT;
CLOSE `table_name_cursor`;
SET @sql_string = CONCAT('DROP DATABASE `', `old_name`, '`;');
PREPARE `statement` FROM @sql_string;
EXECUTE `statement`;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE `statement`;
END//
DELIMITER ;
希望它能帮助到像我这样处境的人!注意:@sql_string之后将在会话中逗留。不使用它，我就无法写出这个函数。
有两种方法:
方法1:一个著名的重命名数据库模式的方法是使用Mysqldump转储模式并将其恢复到另一个模式中，然后删除旧的模式(如果需要)。
从壳
mysqldump emp > emp.out
mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE employees;"
mysql employees < emp.out
mysql -e "DROP DATABASE emp;"
虽然上面的方法很简单，但它是时间和空间消耗。如果模式大于100GB怎么办?有一些方法可以将上述命令连接在一起以节省空间，但这不会节省时间。
为了纠正这种情况，有另一种重命名模式的快速方法，但是在执行时必须小心。
方法2:MySQL在重命名表方面有一个非常好的特性，甚至可以跨不同的模式工作。这个重命名操作是原子的，在重命名表时没有其他人可以访问它。这只需要很短的时间就可以完成，因为更改表名或表的模式只是元数据的更改。下面是重命名的过程方法:
使用所需的名称创建新的数据库模式。 使用MySQL的" Rename TABLE "命令将旧模式的表重命名为新模式。 删除旧的数据库模式。 如果模式中有视图、触发器、函数、存储过程，也需要重新创建它们。如果表上存在触发器，MySQL的“RENAME TABLE”将失败。为了解决这个问题，我们可以做以下事情:
1)将触发器、事件和存储的例程转储到单独的文件中。在mysqldump命令中使用-E， -R标志(以及转储触发器的-t -d)。一旦触发器被转储，我们将需要从模式中删除它们，以便RENAME TABLE命令能够工作。
$ mysqldump <old_schema_name> -d -t -R -E > stored_routines_triggers_events.out
2)生成一个只有“BASE”表的列表。可以通过对information_schema的查询找到这些参数。表的表。
mysql> select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where
table_schema='<old_schema_name>' and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE';
3)在输出文件中转储视图。视图可以使用同一个information_schema上的查询来找到。表的表。
mysql> select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where
table_schema='<old_schema_name>' and TABLE_TYPE='VIEW';
$ mysqldump <database> <view1> <view2> … > views.out
4)删除old_schema中当前表上的触发器。
mysql> DROP TRIGGER <trigger_name>;
...
5)在步骤#2中发现的所有“Base”表重命名后恢复上述转储文件。
mysql> RENAME TABLE <old_schema>.table_name TO <new_schema>.table_name;
...
$ mysql <new_schema> < views.out
$ mysql <new_schema> < stored_routines_triggers_events.out
Intricacies with above methods : We may need to update the GRANTS for users such that they match the correct schema_name. These could fixed with a simple UPDATE on mysql.columns_priv, mysql.procs_priv, mysql.tables_priv, mysql.db tables updating the old_schema name to new_schema and calling “Flush privileges;”. Although “method 2″ seems a bit more complicated than the “method 1″, this is totally scriptable. A simple bash script to carry out the above steps in proper sequence, can help you save space and time while renaming database schemas next time.
Percona Remote DBA团队写了一个名为“rename_db”的脚本，其工作方式如下:
[root@dba~]# /tmp/rename_db
rename_db <server> <database> <new_database>
为了演示这个脚本的使用，使用了一个示例模式“emp”，创建测试触发器，在该模式上存储例程。将尝试使用脚本重命名数据库模式，与耗时的转储/还原方法相比，重命名数据库模式需要几秒钟的时间。
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| emp |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
[root@dba ~]# time /tmp/rename_db localhost emp emp_test
create database emp_test DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1
drop trigger salary_trigger
rename table emp.__emp_new to emp_test.__emp_new
rename table emp._emp_new to emp_test._emp_new
rename table emp.departments to emp_test.departments
rename table emp.dept to emp_test.dept
rename table emp.dept_emp to emp_test.dept_emp
rename table emp.dept_manager to emp_test.dept_manager
rename table emp.emp to emp_test.emp
rename table emp.employees to emp_test.employees
rename table emp.salaries_temp to emp_test.salaries_temp
rename table emp.titles to emp_test.titles
loading views
loading triggers, routines and events
Dropping database emp
real 0m0.643s
user 0m0.053s
sys 0m0.131s
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| emp_test |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
正如您在上面的输出中看到的，数据库模式“emp”在不到一秒钟的时间内就被重命名为“emp_test”。最后，这是来自Percona的脚本，上面用于“方法2″”。
#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2013 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
set -e
if [ -z "$3" ]; then
echo "rename_db <server> <database> <new_database>"
exit 1
fi
db_exists=`mysql -h $1 -e "show databases like '$3'" -sss`
if [ -n "$db_exists" ]; then
echo "ERROR: New database already exists $3"
exit 1
fi
TIMESTAMP=`date +%s`
character_set=`mysql -h $1 -e "show create database $2\G" -sss | grep ^Create | awk -F'CHARACTER SET ' '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}'`
TABLES=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE'" -sss`
STATUS=$?
if [ "$STATUS" != 0 ] || [ -z "$TABLES" ]; then
echo "Error retrieving tables from $2"
exit 1
fi
echo "create database $3 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET $character_set"
mysql -h $1 -e "create database $3 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET $character_set"
TRIGGERS=`mysql -h $1 $2 -e "show triggers\G" | grep Trigger: | awk '{print $2}'`
VIEWS=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='VIEW'" -sss`
if [ -n "$VIEWS" ]; then
mysqldump -h $1 $2 $VIEWS > /tmp/${2}_views${TIMESTAMP}.dump
fi
mysqldump -h $1 $2 -d -t -R -E > /tmp/${2}_triggers${TIMESTAMP}.dump
for TRIGGER in $TRIGGERS; do
echo "drop trigger $TRIGGER"
mysql -h $1 $2 -e "drop trigger $TRIGGER"
done
for TABLE in $TABLES; do
echo "rename table $2.$TABLE to $3.$TABLE"
mysql -h $1 $2 -e "SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; rename table $2.$TABLE to $3.$TABLE"
done
if [ -n "$VIEWS" ]; then
echo "loading views"
mysql -h $1 $3 < /tmp/${2}_views${TIMESTAMP}.dump
fi
echo "loading triggers, routines and events"
mysql -h $1 $3 < /tmp/${2}_triggers${TIMESTAMP}.dump
TABLES=`mysql -h $1 -e "select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables where table_schema='$2' and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE'" -sss`
if [ -z "$TABLES" ]; then
echo "Dropping database $2"
mysql -h $1 $2 -e "drop database $2"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.columns_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
COLUMNS_PRIV=" UPDATE mysql.columns_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.procs_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
PROCS_PRIV=" UPDATE mysql.procs_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.tables_priv where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
TABLES_PRIV=" UPDATE mysql.tables_priv set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ `mysql -h $1 -e "select count(*) from mysql.db where db='$2'" -sss` -gt 0 ]; then
DB_PRIV=" UPDATE mysql.db set db='$3' WHERE db='$2';"
fi
if [ -n "$COLUMNS_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$PROCS_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$TABLES_PRIV" ] || [ -n "$DB_PRIV" ]; then
echo "IF YOU WANT TO RENAME the GRANTS YOU NEED TO RUN ALL OUTPUT BELOW:"
if [ -n "$COLUMNS_PRIV" ]; then echo "$COLUMNS_PRIV"; fi
if [ -n "$PROCS_PRIV" ]; then echo "$PROCS_PRIV"; fi
if [ -n "$TABLES_PRIV" ]; then echo "$TABLES_PRIV"; fi
if [ -n "$DB_PRIV" ]; then echo "$DB_PRIV"; fi
echo " flush privileges;"
fi
如果您使用分层视图(视图从其他视图中提取数据)，从mysqldump导入原始输出可能无法工作，因为mysqldump不关心视图的正确顺序。因此，我编写了脚本，重新排序视图，以纠正飞行中的顺序。
它是这样的:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use List::MoreUtils 'first_index'; #apt package liblist-moreutils-perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $views_sql;
while (<>) {
$views_sql .= $_ if $views_sql or index($_, 'Final view structure') != -1;
print $_ if !$views_sql;
}
my @views_regex_result = ($views_sql =~ /(\-\- Final view structure.+?\n\-\-\n\n.+?\n\n)/msg);
my @views = (join("", @views_regex_result) =~ /\-\- Final view structure for view `(.+?)`/g);
my $new_views_section = "";
while (@views) {
foreach my $view (@views_regex_result) {
my $view_body = ($view =~ /\/\*.+?VIEW .+ AS (select .+)\*\/;/g )[0];
my $found = 0;
foreach my $view (@views) {
if ($view_body =~ /(from|join)[ \(]+`$view`/) {
$found = $view;
last;
}
}
if (!$found) {
print $view;
my $name_of_view_which_was_not_found = ($view =~ /\-\- Final view structure for view `(.+?)`/g)[0];
my $index = first_index { $_ eq $name_of_view_which_was_not_found } @views;
if ($index != -1) {
splice(@views, $index, 1);
splice(@views_regex_result, $index, 1);
}
}
}
}
用法: mysqldump -u username -v olddatabase -p | ./mysqldump_view_reorder.pl | mysql -u username -p -D newdatabase .pl
I).没有办法直接改变现有数据库的名称 但你可以透过以下步骤达到目标:- 1).创建newdb。 2).使用newdb。 3). create table table_name(select * from olddb.table_name);
通过这样做，你复制数据从表的olddb和插入那些在newdb表。给表的名称相同。
II).重命名表old_db。table_name TO new_db.table_name;
