这里已经有很多非常好的答案，但我没有看到PHP版本。这将在大约一秒钟内复制一个800M DB。

$oldDbName = "oldDBName";
$newDbName = "newDBName";
$oldDB     = new mysqli("localhost", "user", "pass", $oldDbName);
if($oldDB->connect_errno){
    echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: (" . $oldDB->connect_errno . ") " . $oldDB->connect_error;
    exit;
}
$newDBQuery = "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS {$newDbName}";
$oldDB->query($newDBQuery);
$newDB = new mysqli("localhost", "user", "pass");
if($newDB->connect_errno){
    echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: (" . $newDB->connect_errno . ") " . $newDB->connect_error;
    exit;
}

$tableQuery  = "SHOW TABLES";
$tableResult = $oldDB->query($tableQuery);
$renameQuery = "RENAME TABLE\n";
while($table = $tableResult->fetch_array()){
    $tableName = $table["Tables_in_{$oldDbName}"];
    $renameQuery .= "{$oldDbName}.{$tableName} TO {$newDbName}.{$tableName},";
}
$renameQuery = substr($renameQuery, 0, strlen($renameQuery) - 1);
$newDB->query($renameQuery);

为了方便起见，下面是一个小shell脚本，必须使用两个参数执行:db-name和new db-name。

如果您不使用主目录中的.my.cnf文件，则可能需要在mysql行中添加登录参数。请在执行此脚本之前进行备份。

#!/usr/bin/env bash

mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE $2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;"
for i in $(mysql -Ns $1 -e "show tables");do
    echo "$1.$i -> $2.$i"
    mysql -e "rename TABLE $1.$i to $2.$i"
done
mysql -e "DROP DATABASE $1"

如果你正在使用phpMyAdmin，一旦你选择了你想要重命名的数据库，你可以去“操作”选项卡。然后转到最后一节“将数据库复制到”(或类似的内容)，给出一个名称，并选择下面的选项。在这种情况下，我猜你必须选择“结构和数据”和“在复制之前创建数据库”复选框，最后，按下该部分中的“go”按钮。

顺便说一下，我在西班牙语中使用phpMyAdmin，所以我不确定英语部分的名称是什么。

I posted this How do I change the database name using MySQL? today after days of head scratching and hair pulling. The solution is quite simple export a schema to a .sql file and open the file and change the database/schema name in the sql CREAT TABLE section at the top. There are three instances or more and may not be at the top of the page if multible schemas are saved to the file. It is posible to edit the entire database this way but I expect that in large databases it could be quite a pain following all instances of a table property or index.

这是我在Windows上写的重命名数据库的批处理脚本:

@echo off
set olddb=olddbname
set newdb=newdbname
SET count=1
SET act=mysql -uroot -e "select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema='%olddb%'"
mysql -uroot -e "create database %newdb%"
echo %act%
 FOR /f "tokens=*" %%G IN ('%act%') DO (
  REM echo %count%:%%G
  echo mysql -uroot -e "RENAME TABLE %olddb%.%%G to %newdb%.%%G"
  mysql -uroot -e "RENAME TABLE %olddb%.%%G to %newdb%.%%G"
  set /a count+=1
 )
mysql -uroot -e "drop database %olddb%"

在从包含多个数据库的转储文件开始的情况下，您可以对转储执行sed:

sed -i -- "s|old_name_database1|new_name_database1|g" my_dump.sql
sed -i -- "s|old_name_database2|new_name_database2|g" my_dump.sql
...

然后导入您的转储。只要确保没有名称冲突即可。