我需要在许多地方获得用户对象,其中包含许多字段。登录后,我想保存/存储这些用户对象。我们如何实现这种场景?
我不能这样存储它:
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = myPrefs.edit();
prefsEditor.putString("BusinessUnit", strBusinessUnit);
我需要在许多地方获得用户对象,其中包含许多字段。登录后,我想保存/存储这些用户对象。我们如何实现这种场景?
我不能这样存储它:
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = myPrefs.edit();
prefsEditor.putString("BusinessUnit", strBusinessUnit);
当前回答
有两个文件解决了共享首选项的所有问题
1)AppPersistence.java
public class AppPersistence {
public enum keys {
USER_NAME, USER_ID, USER_NUMBER, USER_EMAIL, USER_ADDRESS, CITY, USER_IMAGE,
DOB, MRG_Anniversary, COMPANY, USER_TYPE, support_phone
}
private static AppPersistence mAppPersistance;
private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
public static AppPersistence start(Context context) {
if (mAppPersistance == null) {
mAppPersistance = new AppPersistence(context);
}
return mAppPersistance;
}
private AppPersistence(Context context) {
sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(context.getString(R.string.prefrence_file_name),
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
public Object get(Enum key) {
Map<String, ?> all = sharedPreferences.getAll();
return all.get(key.toString());
}
void save(Enum key, Object val) {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
if (val instanceof Integer) {
editor.putInt(key.toString(), (Integer) val);
} else if (val instanceof String) {
editor.putString(key.toString(), String.valueOf(val));
} else if (val instanceof Float) {
editor.putFloat(key.toString(), (Float) val);
} else if (val instanceof Long) {
editor.putLong(key.toString(), (Long) val);
} else if (val instanceof Boolean) {
editor.putBoolean(key.toString(), (Boolean) val);
}
editor.apply();
}
void remove(Enum key) {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.remove(key.toString());
editor.apply();
}
public void removeAll() {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.clear();
editor.apply();
}
}
2)AppPreference.java
public static void setPreference(Context context, Enum Name, String Value) {
AppPersistence.start(context).save(Name, Value);
}
public static String getPreference(Context context, Enum Name) {
return (String) AppPersistence.start(context).get(Name);
}
public static void removePreference(Context context, Enum Name) {
AppPersistence.start(context).remove(Name);
}
}
现在你可以保存,删除或者获取,
保存
AppPreference.setPreference(context, AppPersistence.keys.USER_ID, userID);
删除
AppPreference.removePreference(context, AppPersistence.keys.USER_ID);
-get
AppPreference.getPreference(context, AppPersistence.keys.USER_ID);
其他回答
如果你的对象很复杂,我建议序列化/XML/JSON,并将这些内容保存到SD卡。你可以在这里找到关于如何保存到外部存储的其他信息: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/data/data-storage.html#filesExternal
我已经使用jackson来存储我的对象(jackson)。
添加杰克逊库到gradle:
api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.9.4'
api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.9.4'
api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.9.4'
我的测试类:
public class Car {
private String color;
private String type;
// standard getters setters
}
Java对象转换为JSON:
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String carAsString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(car);
存储在共享首选项中:
preferences.edit().car().put(carAsString).apply();
从共享首选项中恢复:
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
Car car = objectMapper.readValue(preferences.car().get(), Car.class);
关于这个问题有很多很好的答案,穆罕穆德·阿米尔·阿里和穆哈默德·埃尔-班纳在Kotlin使用通用方法实现了答案。
为了节省
fun storeObjectInSharedPref(dataObject: Any, prefName: String): Boolean{
val dataObjectInJson = Gson().toJson(dataObject)
prefsEditor.putString(prefName, dataObjectInJson)
return prefsEditor.commit()
}
检索
fun <T> retrieveStoredObject(prefName: String, baseClass: Class<T>): T?{
val dataObject: String? = preferences.getString(prefName, "")
return Gson().fromJson(dataObject, baseClass)
}
要了解Kotlin中的泛型,请访问这里
使用delegate Kotlin,我们可以轻松地从共享首选项中放置和获取数据。
inline fun <reified T> Context.sharedPrefs(key: String) = object : ReadWriteProperty<Any?, T> {
val sharedPrefs by lazy { this@sharedPrefs.getSharedPreferences("APP_DATA", Context.MODE_PRIVATE) }
val gson by lazy { Gson() }
var newData: T = (T::class.java).newInstance()
override fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T {
return getPrefs()
}
override fun setValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) {
this.newData = value
putPrefs(newData)
}
fun putPrefs(value: T?) {
sharedPrefs.edit {
when (value) {
is Int -> putInt(key, value)
is Boolean -> putBoolean(key, value)
is String -> putString(key, value)
is Long -> putLong(key, value)
is Float -> putFloat(key, value)
is Parcelable -> putString(key, gson.toJson(value))
else -> throw Throwable("no such type exist to put data")
}
}
}
fun getPrefs(): T {
return when (newData) {
is Int -> sharedPrefs.getInt(key, 0) as T
is Boolean -> sharedPrefs.getBoolean(key, false) as T
is String -> sharedPrefs.getString(key, "") as T ?: "" as T
is Long -> sharedPrefs.getLong(key, 0L) as T
is Float -> sharedPrefs.getFloat(key, 0.0f) as T
is Parcelable -> gson.fromJson(sharedPrefs.getString(key, "") ?: "", T::class.java)
else -> throw Throwable("no such type exist to put data")
} ?: newData
}
}
//use this delegation in activity and fragment in following way
var ourData by sharedPrefs<String>("otherDatas")
您可以使用gson.jar将类对象存储到SharedPreferences中。 你可以从google-gson下载这个罐子
或者在Gradle文件中添加GSON依赖项:
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.8'
你可以在这里找到最新的版本
创建共享首选项:
SharedPreferences mPrefs = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
保存:
MyObject myObject = new MyObject;
//set variables of 'myObject', etc.
Editor prefsEditor = mPrefs.edit();
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = gson.toJson(myObject);
prefsEditor.putString("MyObject", json);
prefsEditor.commit();
检索:
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = mPrefs.getString("MyObject", "");
MyObject obj = gson.fromJson(json, MyObject.class);