我需要在许多地方获得用户对象,其中包含许多字段。登录后,我想保存/存储这些用户对象。我们如何实现这种场景?
我不能这样存储它:
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = myPrefs.edit();
prefsEditor.putString("BusinessUnit", strBusinessUnit);
我需要在许多地方获得用户对象,其中包含许多字段。登录后,我想保存/存储这些用户对象。我们如何实现这种场景?
我不能这样存储它:
SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = myPrefs.edit();
prefsEditor.putString("BusinessUnit", strBusinessUnit);
当前回答
您可以使用以下代码存储类对象,并从共享首选项检索任何对象。
将以下依赖项添加到应用gradle中
dependencies {
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.6'
//Other dependencies of our project
}
在共享pref文件中添加以下代码。
/**
* Saves object into the Preferences.
*
* @param `object` Object of model class (of type [T]) to save
* @param key Key with which Shared preferences to
**/
fun <T> put(`object`: T, key: String) {
//Convert object to JSON String.
val jsonString = GsonBuilder().create().toJson(`object`)
//Save that String in SharedPreferences
preferences.edit().putString(key, jsonString).apply()
}
/**
* Used to retrieve object from the Preferences.
*
* @param key Shared Preference key with which object was saved.
**/
inline fun <reified T> get(key: String): T? {
//We read JSON String which was saved.
val value = preferences.getString(key, null)
//JSON String was found which means object can be read.
//We convert this JSON String to model object. Parameter "c" (of
//type Class < T >" is used to cast.
return GsonBuilder().create().fromJson(value, T::class.java)
}
}
其他回答
我的utils类保存列表到SharedPreferences
public class SharedPrefApi {
private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
private Gson gson;
public SharedPrefApi(Context context, Gson gson) {
this.sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
this.gson = gson;
}
...
public <T> void putObject(String key, T value) {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.putString(key, gson.toJson(value));
editor.apply();
}
public <T> T getObject(String key, Class<T> clazz) {
return gson.fromJson(getString(key, null), clazz);
}
}
使用
// for save
sharedPrefApi.putList(SharedPrefApi.Key.USER_LIST, userList);
// for retrieve
List<User> userList = sharedPrefApi.getList(SharedPrefApi.Key.USER_LIST, User.class);
. 我的utils的完整代码//检查使用实例的活动代码
我在使用已接受的答案访问跨活动的共享首选项数据时遇到了麻烦。在这些步骤中,您将为getSharedPreferences提供一个名称以访问它。
在构建中添加以下依赖项。Gradle脚本下的gradel (Module: app)文件:
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
保存:
MyObject myObject = new MyObject;
//set variables of 'myObject', etc.
SharedPreferences mPrefs = getSharedPreferences("Name", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Editor prefsEditor = mPrefs.edit();
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = gson.toJson(myObject);
prefsEditor.putString("Key", json);
prefsEditor.commit();
在不同的活动中检索:
SharedPreferences mPrefs = getSharedPreferences("Name", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = mPrefs.getString("Key", "");
MyObject obj = gson.fromJson(json, MyObject.class);
另一种不使用Json格式保存和恢复android sharedpreferences对象的方法
private static ExampleObject getObject(Context c,String db_name){
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = c.getSharedPreferences(db_name, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
ExampleObject o = new ExampleObject();
Field[] fields = o.getClass().getFields();
try {
for (Field field : fields) {
Class<?> type = field.getType();
try {
final String name = field.getName();
if (type == Character.TYPE || type.equals(String.class)) {
field.set(o,sharedPreferences.getString(name, ""));
} else if (type.equals(int.class) || type.equals(Short.class))
field.setInt(o,sharedPreferences.getInt(name, 0));
else if (type.equals(double.class))
field.setDouble(o,sharedPreferences.getFloat(name, 0));
else if (type.equals(float.class))
field.setFloat(o,sharedPreferences.getFloat(name, 0));
else if (type.equals(long.class))
field.setLong(o,sharedPreferences.getLong(name, 0));
else if (type.equals(Boolean.class))
field.setBoolean(o,sharedPreferences.getBoolean(name, false));
else if (type.equals(UUID.class))
field.set(
o,
UUID.fromString(
sharedPreferences.getString(
name,
UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes("".getBytes()).toString()
)
)
);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
Log.e(StaticConfig.app_name, "IllegalAccessException", e);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
Log.e(StaticConfig.app_name, "IllegalArgumentException", e);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception: " + e);
}
return o;
}
private static void setObject(Context context, Object o, String db_name) {
Field[] fields = o.getClass().getFields();
SharedPreferences sp = context.getSharedPreferences(db_name, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sp.edit();
for (Field field : fields) {
Class<?> type = field.getType();
try {
final String name = field.getName();
if (type == Character.TYPE || type.equals(String.class)) {
Object value = field.get(o);
if (value != null)
editor.putString(name, value.toString());
} else if (type.equals(int.class) || type.equals(Short.class))
editor.putInt(name, field.getInt(o));
else if (type.equals(double.class))
editor.putFloat(name, (float) field.getDouble(o));
else if (type.equals(float.class))
editor.putFloat(name, field.getFloat(o));
else if (type.equals(long.class))
editor.putLong(name, field.getLong(o));
else if (type.equals(Boolean.class))
editor.putBoolean(name, field.getBoolean(o));
else if (type.equals(UUID.class))
editor.putString(name, field.get(o).toString());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
Log.e(StaticConfig.app_name, "IllegalAccessException", e);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
Log.e(StaticConfig.app_name, "IllegalArgumentException", e);
}
}
editor.apply();
}
步骤1:在java文件中复制粘贴这两个函数。
public void setDefaults(String key, String value, Context context) {
SharedPreferences preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putString(key, value);
editor.commit();
}
public static String getDefaults(String key, Context context) {
SharedPreferences preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
return preferences.getString(key, null);
}
步骤2: 为了节省使用:
setDefaults("key","value",this);
检索使用:
String retrieve= getDefaults("key",this);
你可以通过使用不同的键名来设置不同的共享首选项,比如:
setDefaults("key1","xyz",this);
setDefaults("key2","abc",this);
setDefaults("key3","pqr",this);
如果你的对象很复杂,我建议序列化/XML/JSON,并将这些内容保存到SD卡。你可以在这里找到关于如何保存到外部存储的其他信息: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/data/data-storage.html#filesExternal