这个更好，因为它从调用者那里获取全局变量和局部变量:

import sys
def execfile(filename, globals=None, locals=None):
    if globals is None:
        globals = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
    if locals is None:
        locals = sys._getframe(1).f_locals
    with open(filename, "r") as fh:
        exec(fh.read()+"\n", globals, locals)

虽然exec(open("filename").read())通常作为execfile("filename")的替代，但它忽略了execfile支持的重要细节。

下面是Python3的函数。x是我能得到的与直接执行文件相同的行为。匹配运行python /path/到/somefile.py。

def execfile(filepath, globals=None, locals=None):
    if globals is None:
        globals = {}
    globals.update({
        "__file__": filepath,
        "__name__": "__main__",
    })
    with open(filepath, 'rb') as file:
        exec(compile(file.read(), filepath, 'exec'), globals, locals)

# Execute the file.
execfile("/path/to/somefile.py")

注:

Uses binary file reading to avoid encoding issues. Guaranteed to close the file (Python3.x warns about this). Defines __main__, some scripts depend on this to check if they are loading as a module or not for eg. if __name__ == "__main__". Setting __file__ is nicer for exception messages and some scripts use __file__ to get the paths of other files relative to them. Takes optional globals & locals arguments, modifying them in-place as execfile does - so you can access any variables defined by reading back the variables after running. Unlike Python2's execfile this does not modify the current namespace by default. For that you have to explicitly pass in globals() & locals().

你可以写自己的函数:

def xfile(afile, globalz=None, localz=None):
    with open(afile, "r") as fh:
        exec(fh.read(), globalz, localz)

如果你真的需要…

我在这里只是个新手，所以如果我发现这个，可能纯粹是运气:

尝试运行脚本后，从解释器提示>>>与命令

    execfile('filename.py')

为此我得到了一个“NameError: name 'execfile' is not defined”，我尝试了一个非常基本的

    import filename

它工作得很好:-)

我希望这能对你有所帮助，感谢大家提供的提示、示例和所有那些对新手有很大启发的注释代码!

我使用Ubuntu 16.014 LTS x64。Python 3.5.2(默认，2016年11月17日17:05:23) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609

这个更好，因为它从调用者那里获取全局变量和局部变量:

import sys
def execfile(filename, globals=None, locals=None):
    if globals is None:
        globals = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
    if locals is None:
        locals = sys._getframe(1).f_locals
    with open(filename, "r") as fh:
        exec(fh.read()+"\n", globals, locals)

此外，虽然不是纯Python解决方案，但如果你正在使用IPython(无论如何你可能应该这样做)，你可以:

%run /path/to/filename.py

这同样简单。