泡菜很好!

import pandas as pd
df.to_pickle('123.pkl')    #to save the dataframe, df to 123.pkl
df1 = pd.read_pickle('123.pkl') #to load 123.pkl back to the dataframe df

最简单的方法是使用to_pickle来pickle它:

df.to_pickle(file_name)  # where to save it, usually as a .pkl

然后你可以使用以下命令将其加载回来:

df = pd.read_pickle(file_name)

注意:在0.11.1之前，save和load是唯一的方法(现在它们已被弃用，分别支持to_pickle和read_pickle)。

另一个流行的选择是使用HDF5 (pytables)，它为大型数据集提供了非常快的访问时间:

import pandas as pd
store = pd.HDFStore('store.h5')

store['df'] = df  # save it
store['df']  # load it

更高级的策略在烹饪书中讨论。

从0.13开始，也有msgpack，它可能在互操作性方面更好，作为JSON的更快替代品，或者如果你有python对象/文本较多的数据(参见这个问题)。

如前所述，有不同的选项和文件格式(HDF5, JSON, CSV, parquet, SQL)来存储数据帧。然而，pickle不是一级公民(取决于你的设置)，因为:

泡菜是一个潜在的安全隐患。形成pickle的Python文档:

警告pickle模块不安全 恶意构造的数据。对象接收的数据永远不能解pickle 不受信任或未经身份验证的源。

泡菜很慢。找到这里和这里的基准。

根据您的设置/使用情况，这两个限制都不适用，但我不建议将pickle作为pandas数据帧的默认持久性。

如果我理解正确的话，你已经在使用pandas.read_csv()，但想要加快开发过程，这样你就不必每次编辑脚本时都加载文件，对吗?我有一些建议:

you could load in only part of the CSV file using pandas.read_csv(..., nrows=1000) to only load the top bit of the table, while you're doing the development use ipython for an interactive session, such that you keep the pandas table in memory as you edit and reload your script. convert the csv to an HDF5 table updated use DataFrame.to_feather() and pd.read_feather() to store data in the R-compatible feather binary format that is super fast (in my hands, slightly faster than pandas.to_pickle() on numeric data and much faster on string data).

您可能还会对stackoverflow上的答案感兴趣。

Pyarrow跨版本兼容性

总的来说，pyarrow/feather(来自pandas/msgpack的弃用警告)。然而，我有一个挑战与pyarrow的瞬态在规范中的数据序列化pyarrow 0.15.1不能反序列化与0.16.0 ARROW-7961。我使用序列化使用redis，所以必须使用二进制编码。

我重新测试了各种选择(使用jupyter笔记本电脑)

import sys, pickle, zlib, warnings, io
class foocls:
    def pyarrow(out): return pa.serialize(out).to_buffer().to_pybytes()
    def msgpack(out): return out.to_msgpack()
    def pickle(out): return pickle.dumps(out)
    def feather(out): return out.to_feather(io.BytesIO())
    def parquet(out): return out.to_parquet(io.BytesIO())

warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
for c in foocls.__dict__.values():
    sbreak = True
    try:
        c(out)
        print(c.__name__, "before serialization", sys.getsizeof(out))
        print(c.__name__, sys.getsizeof(c(out)))
        %timeit -n 50 c(out)
        print(c.__name__, "zlib", sys.getsizeof(zlib.compress(c(out))))
        %timeit -n 50 zlib.compress(c(out))
    except TypeError as e:
        if "not callable" in str(e): sbreak = False
        else: raise
    except (ValueError) as e: print(c.__name__, "ERROR", e)
    finally: 
        if sbreak: print("=+=" * 30)        
warnings.filterwarnings("default")

对我的数据帧(在出jupyter变量)具有以下结果

pyarrow before serialization 533366
pyarrow 120805
1.03 ms ± 43.9 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
pyarrow zlib 20517
2.78 ms ± 81.8 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
msgpack before serialization 533366
msgpack 109039
1.74 ms ± 72.8 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
msgpack zlib 16639
3.05 ms ± 71.7 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
pickle before serialization 533366
pickle 142121
733 µs ± 38.3 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
pickle zlib 29477
3.81 ms ± 60.4 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 50 loops each)
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
feather ERROR feather does not support serializing a non-default index for the index; you can .reset_index() to make the index into column(s)
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=
parquet ERROR Nested column branch had multiple children: struct<x: double, y: double>
=+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+=

羽毛和拼花不适合我的数据框架。我将继续使用pyarrow。但是我会补充腌黄瓜(没有压缩)。写入缓存时，存储pyarrow和pickle序列化表单。如果pyarrow反序列化失败，则从缓存读取回退到pickle时。

这里有很多很棒和充分的答案，但我想发布一个我在Kaggle上使用的测试，这个测试用不同的pandas兼容格式保存和读取大df:

https://www.kaggle.com/pedrocouto39/fast-reading-w-pickle-feather-parquet-jay

我不是作者，也不是作者的朋友，然而，当我读到这个问题时，我觉得值得一提。

CSV: 1分42秒泡菜:4.45秒羽毛:4.35秒拼花:8.31秒杰伦:8.12毫秒 或者0.0812秒(超快的!)