为什么不可能重写静态方法?
如果可能,请举例说明。
为什么不可能重写静态方法?
如果可能,请举例说明。
当前回答
Yes. Practically Java allows overriding static method, and No theoretically if you Override a static method in Java then it will compile and run smoothly but it will lose Polymorphism which is the basic property of Java. You will Read Everywhere that it is not possible to try yourself compiling and running. you will get your answer. e.g. If you Have Class Animal and a static method eat() and you Override that static method in its Subclass lets called it Dog. Then when wherever you Assign a Dog object to an Animal Reference and call eat() according to Java Dog's eat() should have been called but in static Overriding Animals' eat() will Be Called.
class Animal {
public static void eat() {
System.out.println("Animal Eating");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
public static void eat() {
System.out.println("Dog Eating");
}
}
class Test {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Animal obj= new Dog();//Dog object in animal
obj.eat(); //should call dog's eat but it didn't
}
}
Output Animal Eating
According to Polymorphism Principle of Java, the Output Should be Dog Eating. But the result was different because to support Polymorphism Java uses Late Binding that means methods are called only at the run-time but not in the case of static methods. In static methods compiler calls methods at the compile time rather than the run-time, so we get methods according to the reference and not according to the object a reference a containing that's why You can say Practically it supports static overring but theoretically, it doesn't.
其他回答
下面的代码表明这是可能的:
class OverridenStaticMeth {
static void printValue() {
System.out.println("Overriden Meth");
}
}
public class OverrideStaticMeth extends OverridenStaticMeth {
static void printValue() {
System.out.println("Overriding Meth");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
OverridenStaticMeth osm = new OverrideStaticMeth();
osm.printValue();
System.out.println("now, from main");
printValue();
}
}
Here is a simple explanation. A static method is associated with a class while an instance method is associated with a particular object. Overrides allow calling the different implementation of the overridden methods associated with the particular object. So it is counter-intuitive to override static method which is not even associated with objects but the class itself in the first place. So static methods cannot be overridden based on what object is calling it, it will always be associated with the class where it was created.
Overriding in Java simply means that the particular method would be called based on the runtime type of the object and not on the compile-time type of it (which is the case with overridden static methods). As static methods are class methods they are not instance methods so they have nothing to do with the fact which reference is pointing to which Object or instance, because due to the nature of static method it belongs to a specific class. You can redeclare it in the subclass but that subclass won't know anything about the parent class' static methods because, as I said, it is specific to only that class in which it has been declared. Accessing them using object references is just an extra liberty given by the designers of Java and we should certainly not think of stopping that practice only when they restrict it more details and example http://faisalbhagat.blogspot.com/2014/09/method-overriding-and-method-hiding.html
这个问题的答案很简单,标记为静态的方法或变量只属于类,因此静态方法不能在子类中继承,因为它们只属于超类。
I like and double Jay's comment (https://stackoverflow.com/a/2223803/1517187). I agree that this is the bad design of Java. Many other languages support overriding static methods, as we see in previous comments. I feel Jay has also come to Java from Delphi like me. Delphi (Object Pascal) was one of the languages implementing OOP before Java and one of the first languages used for commercial application development. It is obvious that many people had experience with that language since it was in the past the only language to write commercial GUI products. And - yes, we could in Delphi override static methods. Actually, static methods in Delphi are called "class methods", while Delphi had the different concept of "Delphi static methods" which were methods with early binding. To override methods you had to use late binding, declare "virtual" directive. So it was very convenient and intuitive and I would expect this in Java.