如何将任意长度的列表拆分为大小相等的块?


请参阅如果数据结果将直接用于循环,并且不需要存储,则如何以块形式遍历列表。

对于字符串输入的同一问题,请参见每n个字符拆分字符串?。相同的技术通常适用,但也有一些变化。


当前回答

例如,如果块大小为3,则可以执行以下操作:

zip(*[iterable[i::3] for i in range(3)]) 

来源:http://code.activestate.com/recipes/303060-group-a-list-into-sequential-n-tuples/

当我的区块大小是固定的数字时,我会使用这个,我可以键入,例如“3”,并且永远不会改变。

其他回答

def main():
  print(chunkify([1,2,3,4,5,6],2))

def chunkify(list, n):
  chunks = []
  for i in range(0, len(list), n):
    chunks.append(list[i:i+n])
  return chunks

main()

我认为这很简单,可以为您提供数组的一部分。

这个问题让我想起Raku(以前的Perl6).comb(n)方法。它将字符串分成n个大小的块。(还有更多,但我会省略细节。)

在Python3中实现一个类似的函数作为lambda表达式非常简单:

comb = lambda s,n: (s[i:i+n] for i in range(0,len(s),n))

然后你可以这样称呼它:

some_list = list(range(0, 20))  # creates a list of 20 elements
generator = comb(some_list, 4)  # creates a generator that will generate lists of 4 elements
for sublist in generator:
    print(sublist)  # prints a sublist of four elements, as it's generated

当然,您不必将生成器分配给变量;你可以直接这样循环:

for sublist in comb(some_list, 4):
    print(sublist)  # prints a sublist of four elements, as it's generated

另外,此comb()函数还对字符串进行操作:

list( comb('catdogant', 3) )  # returns ['cat', 'dog', 'ant']

简单而优雅

L = range(1, 1000)
print [L[x:x+10] for x in xrange(0, len(L), 10)]

或者如果您愿意:

def chunks(L, n): return [L[x: x+n] for x in xrange(0, len(L), n)]
chunks(L, 10)

不调用len(),这对大型列表很有用:

def splitter(l, n):
    i = 0
    chunk = l[:n]
    while chunk:
        yield chunk
        i += n
        chunk = l[i:i+n]

这是可迭代的:

def isplitter(l, n):
    l = iter(l)
    chunk = list(islice(l, n))
    while chunk:
        yield chunk
        chunk = list(islice(l, n))

上述产品的功能风味:

def isplitter2(l, n):
    return takewhile(bool,
                     (tuple(islice(start, n))
                            for start in repeat(iter(l))))

OR:

def chunks_gen_sentinel(n, seq):
    continuous_slices = imap(islice, repeat(iter(seq)), repeat(0), repeat(n))
    return iter(imap(tuple, continuous_slices).next,())

OR:

def chunks_gen_filter(n, seq):
    continuous_slices = imap(islice, repeat(iter(seq)), repeat(0), repeat(n))
    return takewhile(bool,imap(tuple, continuous_slices))

参见本参考

>>> orange = range(1, 1001)
>>> otuples = list( zip(*[iter(orange)]*10))
>>> print(otuples)
[(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), ... (991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000)]
>>> olist = [list(i) for i in otuples]
>>> print(olist)
[[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], ..., [991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000]]
>>> 

蟒蛇3