<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <!-- get all project dependencies -->
                <descriptorRefs>
                    <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                </descriptorRefs>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>make-assembly</id>
                    <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>single</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

对我有用的是：

  <plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>unpack-dependencies</id>
        <phase>prepare-package</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>unpack-dependencies</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/classes</outputDirectory>
        </configuration>
      </execution>

    </executions>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>unpack-dependencies</id>
        <phase>package</phase>
      </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
      <archive>
        <manifest>
          <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
          <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
          <mainClass>SimpleKeyLogger</mainClass>
        </manifest>
      </archive>
    </configuration>
  </plugin>

我有一个特殊的案例，因为我的依赖是系统一：

<dependency>
  ..
  <scope>system</scope>
  <systemPath>${project.basedir}/lib/myjar.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>

我已经更改了user189057提供的代码，并进行了更改：

maven依赖插件在“准备包”阶段执行我将解压缩的类直接提取到“目标/类”

使用maven shade插件将所有依赖项打包到一个über JAR文件中。它还可以通过指定主类来构建可执行JAR文件。在尝试使用maven汇编和maven jar之后，我发现这个插件最适合我的需求。

我发现这个插件特别有用，因为它合并了特定文件的内容，而不是覆盖它们。当JAR文件中存在同名的资源文件并且插件试图打包所有资源文件时，这是需要的。

请参见以下示例：

<plugins>
    <!-- This plugin provides the capability to package
         the artifact in an über-JAR file, including
         its dependencies and to shade - i.e. rename -
         the packages of some of the dependencies. -->
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <phase>package</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>shade</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <artifactSet>
                        <!-- Signed JAR files-->
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </artifactSet>

                    <transformers>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                            <!-- Main class -->
                            <mainClass>com.main.MyMainClass</mainClass>
                        </transformer>

                        <!-- Use resource transformers to prevent file overwrites -->
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>properties.properties</resource>
                        </transformer>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>applicationContext.xml</resource>
                        </transformer>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>META-INF/cxf/cxf.extension</resource>
                        </transformer>
                        <transformer
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                            <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.xml</resource>
                        </transformer>
                    </transformers>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>
</plugins>

这也是一种选择。您将能够构建JAR文件。

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <!-- Build an executable JAR -->
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        <mainClass>WordListDriver</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

对于任何想要从über JAR文件中排除特定依赖项的人来说，这是一个适合我的解决方案：

<project...>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-core_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope> <!--  <=============  -->
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>...</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

它不是mvn程序集插件的配置，而是依赖项的属性。

在我看来，Ken Liu是对的。Maven依赖插件允许您扩展所有依赖项，然后可以将其视为资源。这允许您将它们包含在主工件中。使用汇编插件会创建一个很难修改的辅助工件——在我的例子中，我想添加自定义清单条目。我的POM文件最终为：

<project>
  ...
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>unpack-dependencies</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>unpack-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    ...
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>${basedir}/target/dependency</directory>
        <targetPath>/</targetPath>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>
  ...
</project>