变量obj={name:“西蒙”,年龄:“20”,服装:{style:“简单”,嬉皮士:假}}for(obj中的var propt){console.log(propt+':'+obj[propt]);}

变量propt如何表示对象的财产?它不是内置方法或属性。为什么它会产生对象中的每个属性?


当前回答

您基本上希望循环遍历对象中的每个属性。

JSFiddle公司

var Dictionary = {
  If: {
    you: {
      can: '',
      make: ''
    },
    sense: ''
  },
  of: {
    the: {
      sentence: {
        it: '',
        worked: ''
      }
    }
  }
};

function Iterate(obj) {
  for (prop in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(prop) && isNaN(prop)) {
      console.log(prop + ': ' + obj[prop]);
      Iterate(obj[prop]);
    }
  }
}
Iterate(Dictionary);

其他回答

迭代财产需要额外的hasOwnProperty检查:

for (var prop in obj) {
    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop)) {
        // do stuff
    }
}

这是必要的,因为对象的原型包含对象的附加财产,这些属性在技术上是对象的一部分。这些附加的财产继承自基本对象类,但仍然是obj的财产。

hasOwnProperty只是检查这是否是该类特有的属性,而不是从基类继承的属性。


也可以通过对象本身调用hasOwnProperty:

if (obj.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
    // do stuff
}

但如果对象具有同名的不相关字段,则此操作将失败:

var obj = { foo: 42, hasOwnProperty: 'lol' };
obj.hasOwnProperty('foo');  // TypeError: hasOwnProperty is not a function

这就是为什么通过Object.prototype调用它更安全的原因:

var obj = { foo: 42, hasOwnProperty: 'lol' };
Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, 'foo');  // true

虽然最高评级的答案是正确的,但这里有一个备用用例,即如果您正在迭代一个对象,并希望最终创建一个数组。使用.map而不是forEach

const newObj = Object.keys(obj).map(el => {
    //ell will hold keys 
   // Getting the value of the keys should be as simple as obj[el]
})

for循环遍历对象的所有财产。propt在for循环的第一行中定义。它是一个字符串,是obj对象的属性的名称。在循环的第一次迭代中,propt将是“name”。

if (typeof obj === 'object' && obj !== null) {
    Object.keys(obj).forEach(key => {
        console.log("\n" + key + ": " + obj[key]);
    });
}

// *** Explanation line by line ***

// Explaining the bellow line
// It checks if obj is neither null nor undefined, which means it's safe to get its keys. 
// Otherwise it will give you a "TypeError: Cannot convert undefined or null to object" if obj is null or undefined.
// NOTE 1: You can use Object.hasOwnProperty() instead of Object.keys(obj).length
// NOTE 2: No need to check if obj is an array because it will work just fine.
// NOTE 3: No need to check if obj is a string because it will not pass the 'if typeof obj is Object' statement.
// NOTE 4: No need to check if Obj is undefined because it will not pass the 'if type obj is Object' statement either.
if (typeof obj === 'object' && obj !== null) {

    // Explaining the bellow line
    // Just like in the previous line, this returns an array with
    // all keys in obj (because if code execution got here, it means 
    // obj has keys.) 
    // Then just invoke built-in javascript forEach() to loop
    // over each key in returned array and calls a call back function 
    // on each array element (key), using ES6 arrow function (=>)
    // Or you can just use a normal function ((key) { blah blah }).
    Object.keys(obj).forEach(key => {

        // The bellow line prints out all keys with their 
        // respective value in obj.
        // key comes from the returned array in Object.keys(obj)
        // obj[key] returns the value of key in obj
        console.log("\n" + key + ": " + obj[key]);
    });
}

如果运行Node,我建议:

Object.keys(obj).forEach((key, index) => {
    console.log(key);
});