感谢Arturo！你的回答让我步入正轨！

根据Arturo的代码，我编写了一个小类：

from types import MethodType
import re
from string import ascii_letters


class DynamicAttr:
    def __init__(self):
        self.dict_all_files = {}

    def _copy_files(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print(f'copy {args[0]["filename"]} {args[0]["copy_command"]}')

    def _delete_files(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print(f'delete {args[0]["filename"]} {args[0]["delete_command"]}')

    def _create_properties(self):
        for key, item in self.dict_all_files.items():
            setattr(
                self,
                key,
                self.dict_all_files[key],
            )
            setattr(
                self,
                key + "_delete",
                MethodType(
                    self._delete_files,
                    {
                        "filename": key,
                        "delete_command": f'del {item}',
                    },
                ),
            )
            setattr(
                self,
                key + "_copy",
                MethodType(
                    self._copy_files,
                    {
                        "filename": key,
                        "copy_command": f'copy {item}',
                    },
                ),
            )
    def add_files_to_class(self, filelist: list):
        for _ in filelist:
            attr_key = re.sub(rf'[^{ascii_letters}]+', '_', _).strip('_')
            self.dict_all_files[attr_key] = _
        self._create_properties()
dy = DynamicAttr()
dy.add_files_to_class([r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe", r"C:\Windows\regedit.exe"])

dy.add_files_to_class([r"C:\Windows\HelpPane.exe", r"C:\Windows\win.ini"])
#output
print(dy.C_Windows_HelpPane_exe)
dy.C_Windows_notepad_exe_delete()
dy.C_Windows_HelpPane_exe_copy()
C:\Windows\HelpPane.exe
delete C_Windows_notepad_exe del C:\Windows\notepad.exe
copy C_Windows_HelpPane_exe copy C:\Windows\HelpPane.exe

此类允许您随时添加新的属性和方法。

编辑：

这里有一个更普遍的解决方案：

import inspect
import re
from copy import deepcopy
from string import ascii_letters


def copy_func(f):
    if callable(f):
        if inspect.ismethod(f) or inspect.isfunction(f):
            g = lambda *args, **kwargs: f(*args, **kwargs)
            t = list(filter(lambda prop: not ("__" in prop), dir(f)))
            i = 0
            while i < len(t):
                setattr(g, t[i], getattr(f, t[i]))
                i += 1
            return g
    dcoi = deepcopy([f])
    return dcoi[0]


class FlexiblePartial:
    def __init__(self, func, this_args_first, *args, **kwargs):

        try:
            self.f = copy_func(func)  # create a copy of the function
        except Exception:
            self.f = func
        self.this_args_first = this_args_first  # where should the other (optional) arguments be that are passed when the function is called
        try:
            self.modulename = args[0].__class__.__name__  # to make repr look good
        except Exception:
            self.modulename = "self"

        try:
            self.functionname = func.__name__  # to make repr look good
        except Exception:
            try:
                self.functionname = func.__qualname__  # to make repr look good
            except Exception:
                self.functionname = "func"

        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs

        self.name_to_print = self._create_name()  # to make repr look good

    def _create_name(self):
        stra = self.modulename + "." + self.functionname + "(self, "
        for _ in self.args[1:]:
            stra = stra + repr(_) + ", "
        for key, item in self.kwargs.items():
            stra = stra + str(key) + "=" + repr(item) + ", "
        stra = stra.rstrip().rstrip(",")
        stra += ")"
        if len(stra) > 100:
            stra = stra[:95] + "...)"
        return stra

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        newdic = {}
        newdic.update(self.kwargs)
        newdic.update(kwargs)
        if self.this_args_first:
            return self.f(*self.args[1:], *args, **newdic)

        else:

            return self.f(*args, *self.args[1:], **newdic)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name_to_print

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__str__()


class AddMethodsAndProperties:
    def add_methods(self, dict_to_add):
        for key_, item in dict_to_add.items():
            key = re.sub(rf"[^{ascii_letters}]+", "_", str(key_)).rstrip("_")
            if isinstance(item, dict):
                if "function" in item:  # for adding methods
                    if not isinstance(
                        item["function"], str
                    ):  # for external functions that are not part of the class
                        setattr(
                            self,
                            key,
                            FlexiblePartial(
                                item["function"],
                                item["this_args_first"],
                                self,
                                *item["args"],
                                **item["kwargs"],
                            ),
                        )

                    else:
                        setattr(
                            self,
                            key,
                            FlexiblePartial(
                                getattr(
                                    self, item["function"]
                                ),  # for internal functions - part of the class
                                item["this_args_first"],
                                self,
                                *item["args"],
                                **item["kwargs"],
                            ),
                        )
            else:  # for adding props
                setattr(self, key, item)

让我们测试一下：

class NewClass(AddMethodsAndProperties): #inherit from AddMethodsAndProperties to add the method add_methods
    def __init__(self):
        self.bubu = 5

    def _delete_files(self, file): #some random methods 
        print(f"File will be deleted: {file}")

    def delete_files(self, file):
        self._delete_files(file)

    def _copy_files(self, file, dst):
        print(f"File will be copied: {file} Dest: {dst}")

    def copy_files(self, file, dst):
        self._copy_files(file, dst)

    def _create_files(self, file, folder):
        print(f"File will be created: {file} {folder}")

    def create_files(self, file, folder):
        self._create_files(file, folder)

    def method_with_more_kwargs(self, file, folder, one_more):
        print(file, folder, one_more)
        return self


nc = NewClass()
dict_all_files = {
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_delete": {
        "function": "delete_files",
        "args": (),
        "kwargs": {"file": r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe"},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_argsfirst": {
        "function": "delete_files",
        "args": (),
        "kwargs": {"file": r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe"},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_copy": {
        "function": "copy_files",
        "args": (),
        "kwargs": {
            "file": r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe",
            "dst": r"C:\Windows\notepad555.exe",
        },
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_create": {
        "function": "create_files",
        "args": (),
        "kwargs": {"file": r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe", "folder": "c:\\windows95"},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_upper": {
        "function": str.upper,
        "args": (r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe",),
        "kwargs": {},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_method_with_more_kwargs": {
        "function": "method_with_more_kwargs",
        "args": (),
        "kwargs": {"file": r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe", "folder": "c:\\windows95"},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first": {
        "function": "method_with_more_kwargs",
        "args": (r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe", "c:\\windows95"),
        "kwargs": {},
        "this_args_first": True,
    },
    r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last": {
        "function": "method_with_more_kwargs",
        "args": (r"C:\Windows\notepad.exe", "c:\\windows95"),
        "kwargs": {},
        "this_args_first": False,
    },
    "this_is_a_list": [55, 3, 3, 1, 4, 43],
}

nc.add_methods(dict_all_files)


print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_delete)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_delete(), end="\n\n")
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_argsfirst)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_argsfirst(), end="\n\n")
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_copy)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_copy(), end="\n\n")
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_create)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_create(), end="\n\n")
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_upper)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_upper(), end="\n\n")
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs)
print(
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs(
        one_more="f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs(
        one_more="f:\\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs(
        one_more="f:\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
    ),
    end="\n\n",
)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first)
print(
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first(
        "f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    ),
    end="\n\n",
)
print(
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first(
        "f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first(
        "f:\\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_first(
        "f:\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
    ),
    end="\n\n",
)
print(nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last)
print(
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
    ),
    end="\n\n",
)
print(
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
    ),
    end="\n\n",
)
print(nc.this_is_a_list)
checkit = (
    nc.C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ"
    )
    .C_Windows_notepad_exe_method_with_more_kwargs_as_args_last(
        "f:\\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
    )
)
print(f'nc is checkit? -> {nc is checkit}')


#output:


NewClass.delete_files(self, file='C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe')
File will be deleted: C:\Windows\notepad.exe
None


NewClass.delete_files(self, file='C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe')
File will be deleted: C:\Windows\notepad.exe
None


NewClass.copy_files(self, file='C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe', dst='C:\\Windows\\notepad555.exe')
File will be copied: C:\Windows\notepad.exe Dest: C:\Windows\notepad555.exe
None


NewClass.create_files(self, file='C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe', folder='c:\\windows95')
File will be created: C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
None


NewClass.upper(self, 'C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe')
C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE


NewClass.method_with_more_kwargs(self, file='C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe', folder='c:\\windows95')
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
<__main__.NewClass object at 0x0000000005F199A0>


NewClass.method_with_more_kwargs(self, 'C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe', 'c:\\windows95')
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
<__main__.NewClass object at 0x0000000005F199A0>


C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ
C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95 f:\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
<__main__.NewClass object at 0x0000000005F199A0>


NewClass.method_with_more_kwargs(self, 'C:\\Windows\\notepad.exe', 'c:\\windows95')
f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
<__main__.NewClass object at 0x0000000005F199A0>


f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
<__main__.NewClass object at 0x0000000005F199A0>


[55, 3, 3, 1, 4, 43]


f:\blaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\ASJVASDFASÇDFJASÇDJFÇASWFJASÇ C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95
f:\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX C:\Windows\notepad.exe c:\windows95


nc is checkit? -> True

我觉得奇怪的是，没有人提到上面列出的所有方法都会在添加的方法和实例之间创建一个循环引用，从而导致对象在垃圾收集之前保持持久。通过扩展对象的类来添加描述符是一个老把戏：

def addmethod(obj, name, func):
    klass = obj.__class__
    subclass = type(klass.__name__, (klass,), {})
    setattr(subclass, name, func)
    obj.__class__ = subclass

至少有两种方法可以将方法附加到没有类型的实例。MethodType：

>>> class A:
...  def m(self):
...   print 'im m, invoked with: ', self

>>> a = A()
>>> a.m()
im m, invoked with:  <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>
>>> a.m
<bound method A.m of <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>>
>>> 
>>> def foo(firstargument):
...  print 'im foo, invoked with: ', firstargument

>>> foo
<function foo at 0x978548c>

1:

>>> a.foo = foo.__get__(a, A) # or foo.__get__(a, type(a))
>>> a.foo()
im foo, invoked with:  <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>
>>> a.foo
<bound method A.foo of <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>>

2:

>>> instancemethod = type(A.m)
>>> instancemethod
<type 'instancemethod'>
>>> a.foo2 = instancemethod(foo, a, type(a))
>>> a.foo2()
im foo, invoked with:  <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>
>>> a.foo2
<bound method instance.foo of <__main__.A instance at 0x973ec6c>>

有用的链接：数据模型-调用描述符描述符操作指南-调用描述符

整合Jason Pratt和社区wiki的答案，看看不同绑定方法的结果：

特别注意将绑定函数添加为类方法是如何工作的，但引用范围不正确。

#!/usr/bin/python -u
import types
import inspect

## dynamically adding methods to a unique instance of a class


# get a list of a class's method type attributes
def listattr(c):
    for m in [(n, v) for n, v in inspect.getmembers(c, inspect.ismethod) if isinstance(v,types.MethodType)]:
        print m[0], m[1]

# externally bind a function as a method of an instance of a class
def ADDMETHOD(c, method, name):
    c.__dict__[name] = types.MethodType(method, c)

class C():
    r = 10 # class attribute variable to test bound scope

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    #internally bind a function as a method of self's class -- note that this one has issues!
    def addmethod(self, method, name):
        self.__dict__[name] = types.MethodType( method, self.__class__ )

    # predfined function to compare with
    def f0(self, x):
        print 'f0\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r)

a = C() # created before modified instnace
b = C() # modified instnace


def f1(self, x): # bind internally
    print 'f1\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f2( self, x): # add to class instance's .__dict__ as method type
    print 'f2\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f3( self, x): # assign to class as method type
    print 'f3\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f4( self, x): # add to class instance's .__dict__ using a general function
    print 'f4\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )


b.addmethod(f1, 'f1')
b.__dict__['f2'] = types.MethodType( f2, b)
b.f3 = types.MethodType( f3, b)
ADDMETHOD(b, f4, 'f4')


b.f0(0) # OUT: f0   x = 0   r = 10
b.f1(1) # OUT: f1   x = 1   r = 10
b.f2(2) # OUT: f2   x = 2   r = 10
b.f3(3) # OUT: f3   x = 3   r = 10
b.f4(4) # OUT: f4   x = 4   r = 10


k = 2
print 'changing b.r from {0} to {1}'.format(b.r, k)
b.r = k
print 'new b.r = {0}'.format(b.r)

b.f0(0) # OUT: f0   x = 0   r = 2
b.f1(1) # OUT: f1   x = 1   r = 10  !!!!!!!!!
b.f2(2) # OUT: f2   x = 2   r = 2
b.f3(3) # OUT: f3   x = 3   r = 2
b.f4(4) # OUT: f4   x = 4   r = 2

c = C() # created after modifying instance

# let's have a look at each instance's method type attributes
print '\nattributes of a:'
listattr(a)
# OUT:
# attributes of a:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>

print '\nattributes of b:'
listattr(b)
# OUT:
# attributes of b:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f1 <bound method ?.f1 of <class __main__.C at 0x000000000237AB28>>
# f2 <bound method ?.f2 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f3 <bound method ?.f3 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f4 <bound method ?.f4 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>

print '\nattributes of c:'
listattr(c)
# OUT:
# attributes of c:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>

就我个人而言，我更喜欢外部ADDMETHOD函数路由，因为它也允许我在迭代器中动态分配新的方法名。

def y(self, x):
    pass
d = C()
for i in range(1,5):
    ADDMETHOD(d, y, 'f%d' % i)
print '\nattributes of d:'
listattr(d)
# OUT:
# attributes of d:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f1 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f2 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f3 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f4 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>

在Python中，猴痘通常通过用自己的签名覆盖类或函数的签名来工作。以下是Zope Wiki的示例：

from SomeOtherProduct.SomeModule import SomeClass
def speak(self):
   return "ook ook eee eee eee!"
SomeClass.speak = speak

此代码将覆盖/创建类中名为speak的方法。在Jeff Atwood最近发表的关于猴子修补的文章中，他展示了一个C#3.0的例子，这是我当前工作中使用的语言。

我认为上述答案没有抓住重点。

让我们用一个方法来上课：

class A(object):
    def m(self):
        pass

现在，让我们在ipython中玩一下：

In [2]: A.m
Out[2]: <unbound method A.m>

好的，所以m（）在某种程度上变成了A的非绑定方法，但它真的是这样吗？

In [5]: A.__dict__['m']
Out[5]: <function m at 0xa66b8b4>

事实证明，m（）只是一个函数，对它的引用被添加到a类字典中——这没有什么魔力。那为什么A.m会给我们一个未绑定的方法？这是因为点没有被翻译成简单的字典查找。这实际上是对a.__class__.__getattribute__（a，'m'）的调用：

In [11]: class MetaA(type):
   ....:     def __getattribute__(self, attr_name):
   ....:         print str(self), '-', attr_name

In [12]: class A(object):
   ....:     __metaclass__ = MetaA

In [23]: A.m
<class '__main__.A'> - m
<class '__main__.A'> - m

现在，我不清楚为什么最后一行要打印两次，但仍然很清楚是怎么回事。

现在，默认__getattribute__所做的是检查属性是否是所谓的描述符，即它是否实现了一个特殊的__get__方法。如果它实现了该方法，那么返回的是调用__get__方法的结果。回到我们A类的第一个版本，这是我们拥有的：

In [28]: A.__dict__['m'].__get__(None, A)
Out[28]: <unbound method A.m>

因为Python函数实现了描述符协议，所以如果代表对象调用它们，它们会在__get__方法中将自己绑定到该对象。

好的，那么如何向现有对象添加方法呢？假设您不介意修补类，那么简单如下：

B.m = m

然后，由于描述符的魔力，B.m“成为”一个未绑定的方法。

如果你想将一个方法添加到一个对象中，那么你必须自己使用types.MethodType来模拟机器：

b.m = types.MethodType(m, b)

顺便说一句：

In [2]: A.m
Out[2]: <unbound method A.m>

In [59]: type(A.m)
Out[59]: <type 'instancemethod'>

In [60]: type(b.m)
Out[60]: <type 'instancemethod'>

In [61]: types.MethodType
Out[61]: <type 'instancemethod'>