import json

class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.bar = 'baz'
        self._qux = 'flub'

    def somemethod(self):
        pass

def default(instance):
    return {k: v
            for k, v in vars(instance).items()
            if not str(k).startswith('_')}

json_foo = json.dumps(Foo(), default=default)
assert '{"bar": "baz"}' == json_foo

print(json_foo)

下面是一个简单功能的简单解决方案:

.toJSON()方法

实现一个序列化器方法，而不是一个JSON可序列化类:

import json

class Object:
    def toJSON(self):
        return json.dumps(self, default=lambda o: o.__dict__, 
            sort_keys=True, indent=4)

所以你只需调用它来序列化:

me = Object()
me.name = "Onur"
me.age = 35
me.dog = Object()
me.dog.name = "Apollo"

print(me.toJSON())

将输出:

{
    "age": 35,
    "dog": {
        "name": "Apollo"
    },
    "name": "Onur"
}

另一种选择是将JSON转储打包到它自己的类中:

import json

class FileItem:
    def __init__(self, fname):
        self.fname = fname

    def __repr__(self):
        return json.dumps(self.__dict__)

或者，更好的是，从JsonSerializable类继承FileItem类:

import json

class JsonSerializable(object):
    def toJson(self):
        return json.dumps(self.__dict__)

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.toJson()


class FileItem(JsonSerializable):
    def __init__(self, fname):
        self.fname = fname

测试:

>>> f = FileItem('/foo/bar')
>>> f.toJson()
'{"fname": "/foo/bar"}'
>>> f
'{"fname": "/foo/bar"}'
>>> str(f) # string coercion
'{"fname": "/foo/bar"}'

这个函数使用递归迭代遍历字典的每个部分，然后调用非内置类型类的repr()方法。

def sterilize(obj):
    object_type = type(obj)
    if isinstance(obj, dict):
        return {k: sterilize(v) for k, v in obj.items()}
    elif object_type in (list, tuple):
        return [sterilize(v) for v in obj]
    elif object_type in (str, int, bool, float):
        return obj
    else:
        return obj.__repr__()

我有了自己的解决办法。使用此方法，将任何文档(字典、列表、ObjectId等)传递给序列化。

def getSerializable(doc):
    # check if it's a list
    if isinstance(doc, list):
        for i, val in enumerate(doc):
            doc[i] = getSerializable(doc[i])
        return doc

    # check if it's a dict
    if isinstance(doc, dict):
        for key in doc.keys():
            doc[key] = getSerializable(doc[key])
        return doc

    # Process ObjectId
    if isinstance(doc, ObjectId):
        doc = str(doc)
        return doc

    # Use any other custom serializting stuff here...

    # For the rest of stuff
    return doc

import json

class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.bar = 'baz'
        self._qux = 'flub'

    def somemethod(self):
        pass

def default(instance):
    return {k: v
            for k, v in vars(instance).items()
            if not str(k).startswith('_')}

json_foo = json.dumps(Foo(), default=default)
assert '{"bar": "baz"}' == json_foo

print(json_foo)