我同意大多数人的观点，使用序数可能是一个坏主意。我通常通过给枚举一个私有构造函数来解决这个问题，该构造函数可以以一个DB值为例，然后创建一个静态fromDbValue函数，类似于Jan的回答。

public enum ReportTypeEnum {
    R1(1),
    R2(2),
    R3(3),
    R4(4),
    R5(5),
    R6(6),
    R7(7),
    R8(8);

    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReportEnumType.class);  
    private static Map<Integer, ReportTypeEnum> lookup;
    private Integer dbValue;

    private ReportTypeEnum(Integer dbValue) {
        this.dbValue = dbValue;
    }


    static {
        try {
            ReportTypeEnum[] vals = ReportTypeEnum.values();
            lookup = new HashMap<Integer, ReportTypeEnum>(vals.length);

            for (ReportTypeEnum  rpt: vals)
                lookup.put(rpt.getDbValue(), rpt);
         }
         catch (Exception e) {
             // Careful, if any exception is thrown out of a static block, the class
             // won't be initialized
             log.error("Unexpected exception initializing " + ReportTypeEnum.class, e);
         }
    }

    public static ReportTypeEnum fromDbValue(Integer dbValue) {
        return lookup.get(dbValue);
    }

    public Integer getDbValue() {
        return this.dbValue;
    }

}

现在您可以在不更改查找的情况下更改顺序，反之亦然。

这是我在Android上使用Proguard所做的:

public enum SomeStatus {
    UNINITIALIZED, STATUS_1, RESERVED_1, STATUS_2, RESERVED_2, STATUS_3;//do not change order

    private static SomeStatus[] values = null;
    public static SomeStatus fromInteger(int i) {
        if(SomeStatus.values == null) {
            SomeStatus.values = SomeStatus.values();
        }
        if (i < 0) return SomeStatus.values[0];
        if (i >= SomeStatus.values.length) return SomeStatus.values[0];
        return SomeStatus.values[i];
    }
}

它很短，我不需要担心在Proguard有一个异常

So one way is to doExampleEnum valueOfOrdinal = ExampleEnum.values()[ordinal]; which works and its easy, however, as mentioned before, ExampleEnum.values() returns a new cloned array for every call. That can be unnecessarily expensive. We can solve that by caching the array like so ExampleEnum[] values = values(). It is also "dangerous" to allow our cached array to be modified. Someone could write ExampleEnum.values[0] = ExampleEnum.type2; So I would make it private with an accessor method that does not do extra copying.

private enum ExampleEnum{
    type0, type1, type2, type3;
    private static final ExampleEnum[] values = values();
    public static ExampleEnum value(int ord) {
        return values[ord];
    }
}

您可以使用exampleenumeration .value(ordinal)来获取与ordinal关联的枚举值

你可以使用静态查找表:

public enum Suit {
  spades, hearts, diamonds, clubs;

  private static final Map<Integer, Suit> lookup = new HashMap<Integer, Suit>();

  static {
    int ordinal = 0;
    for (Suit suit : EnumSet.allOf(Suit.class)) {
      lookup.put(ordinal, suit);
      ordinal+= 1;
    }
  }

  public Suit fromOrdinal(int ordinal) {
    return lookup.get(ordinal);
  }
}

这几乎肯定是个坏主意。当然，如果序号实际上是持久化的(例如，因为有人已将URL标记为书签)——这意味着将来必须始终保留枚举顺序，这对代码维护者来说可能不太明显。

为什么不使用myEnumValue.name()(和解码通过reporttypeenume . valueof (s))来编码枚举?

public enum Status {
    STATUS_1, STATUS_2, STATUS_3, STATUS_4;

    public static Status getStatusByOrdinal(int ordinal) {
        for (Status status : values()) {
            if (status.ordinal() == ordinal) {
                return status;
            }
        }
        return STATUS_1;
    }
}