因为我们的应用程序必须跨多个rdbms工作，所以我们使用与数据库无关的Torque格式(XML)将模式定义存储在版本控制中。我们还以以下XML格式对数据库的引用数据进行版本控制(其中“关系”是其中一个引用表):

  <Relationship RelationshipID="1" InternalName="Manager"/>
  <Relationship RelationshipID="2" InternalName="Delegate"/>
  etc.

然后，我们使用自己开发的工具来生成从数据库版本X到版本X + 1所需的模式升级和引用数据升级脚本。

我们刚刚开始使用Team Foundation Server。如果你的数据库是中等大小的，那么visual studio有一些很好的项目集成，内置比较、数据比较、数据库重构工具、数据库测试框架，甚至数据生成工具。

但是，该模型并不适合非常大的或第三方数据库(加密对象)。我们所做的就是只存储我们定制的对象。Visual Studio / Team基础服务器在这方面工作得很好。

TFS数据库主拱。博客

MS TFS网站

你可能想看看Liquibase (http://www.liquibase.org/)。即使您不使用该工具本身，它也能很好地处理数据库变更管理或重构的概念。

这是围绕发展的“难题”之一。据我所知，没有完美的解决方案。

如果只需要存储数据库结构而不需要存储数据，则可以将数据库导出为SQL查询。(在企业管理器中:右键单击数据库->生成SQL脚本。我建议在选项卡上设置“每个对象创建一个文件”)，然后您可以将这些文本文件提交到svn，并使用svn的diff和日志功能。

我将此与一个Batch脚本绑定在一起，该脚本采用一对参数并设置数据库。我还添加了一些额外的查询，输入默认数据，如用户类型和管理用户。(如果你想要更多关于这方面的信息，张贴一些东西，我可以把脚本放在可以访问的地方)

如果你需要保留所有的数据，我建议保留一个数据库备份，并使用Redgate (http://www.red-gate.com/)产品进行比较。它们并不便宜，但它们值每一分钱。

每个推荐RedGate工具的人都要加1分，还有额外的建议和警告。

SqlCompare also has a decently documented API: so you can, for instance, write a console app which syncs your source controlled scripts folder with a CI integration testing database on checkin, so that when someone checks in a change to the schema from their scripts folder it's automatically deployed along with the matching application code change. This helps close the gap with developers who are forgetful about propagating changes in their local db up to a shared development DB (about half of us, I think :) ).

A caveat is that with a scripted solution or otherwise, the RedGate tools are sufficiently smooth that it's easy to forget about SQL realities underlying the abstraction. If you rename all the columns in a table, SqlCompare has no way to map the old columns to the new columns and will drop all the data in the table. It will generate warnings but I've seen people click past that. There's a general point here worth making, I think, that you can only automate DB versioning and upgrade so far - the abstractions are very leaky.

我还使用了数据库中通过数据库扩展属性家族存储的一个版本的过程。我的应用程序有脚本的每个版本的步骤(即。从1.1移动到1.2)。部署时，它会查看当前版本，然后逐个运行脚本，直到到达最后一个应用程序版本。没有脚本有直接的“最终”版本，即使部署在干净的DB上也会通过一系列升级步骤进行部署。

Now what I like to add is that I've seen two days ago a presentation on the MS campus about the new and upcoming VS DB edition. The presentation was focused specifically on this topic and I was blown out of the water. You should definitely check it out, the new facilities are focused on keeping schema definition in T-SQL scripts (CREATEs), a runtime delta engine to compare deployment schema with defined schema and doing the delta ALTERs and integration with source code integration, up to and including MSBUILD continuous integration for automated build drops. The drop will contain a new file type, the .dbschema files, that can be taken to the deployment site and a command line tool can do the actual 'deltas' and run the deployment. I have a blog entry on this topic with links to the VSDE downloads, you should check them out: http://rusanu.com/2009/05/15/version-control-and-your-database/