我得到了一个“钻石”形的项目依赖:

项目A使用项目B和项目D 项目B使用项目D

我重新编译了项目A而不是项目B，这允许项目B“注入”旧版本的项目D dll

我在Visual Studio Pro 2008中看到了这一点，当时两个项目构建了具有相同名称的程序集，一个是类库SDF.dll，另一个是使用程序集名称sdf.exe引用程序库。 当我更改引用程序集的名称时，异常消失了

I got this error because I had a class in an assembly 'C' which was on version 4.5 of the framework, implementing an interface in assembly 'A' which was on version 4.5.1 of the framework and serving as the base class to assembly 'B' which was also on version 4.5.1 of the framework. The system threw the exception while trying to load assembly 'B'. Additionally, I had installed some nuget packages targeting .net 4.5.1 on all three assemblies. For some reason, even though the nuget references were not showing in assembly 'B', it was building successfully.

事实证明，真正的问题是程序集引用了包含接口的nuget包的不同版本，并且接口签名在不同版本之间发生了变化。

当我之前在一个程序集的单元测试期间启用了代码覆盖时，我也得到了这个错误。由于某种原因，Visual Studio“缓冲”了这个特定DLL的旧版本，即使我已经更新了它以实现新版本的接口。禁用代码覆盖消除了错误。

I had the same problem. I figured out that my assembly, which is loaded by the main program, had some references with "Copy Local" set to true. These local copies of references were looking for other references in the same folder, which did not exist because the "Copy Local" of other references was set to false. After the deletion of the "accidentally" copied references the error was gone because the main program was set to look for correct locations of references. Apparently the local copies of the references screwed up the sequence of calling because these local copies were used instead of the original ones present in the main program.

重要的信息是，出现此错误是因为缺少加载所需程序集的链接。

我在运行单元测试时也遇到了这个问题。应用程序运行良好，没有错误。 在我的案例中，问题的原因是我关闭了测试项目的构建。 重新启用我的测试项目的构建解决了这些问题。