如果你使用的是动态字符列表，LINQ可以提供一个更快更优雅的解决方案:

public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string value, char[] specialCharacters)
{
    return new String(value.Except(specialCharacters).ToArray());
}

我将这种方法与之前的两种“快速”方法(发行版编译)进行了比较:

字符数组解决方案由LukeH - 427毫秒 StringBuilder解决方案- 429毫秒 LINQ(这个答案)- 98毫秒

注意，算法略有修改-字符作为数组传入，而不是硬编码，这可能会有轻微的影响(即/其他解决方案将有一个内部for循环来检查字符数组)。

如果我使用LINQ where子句切换到硬编码的解决方案，结果是:

字符数组解决方案- 7ms StringBuilder解决方案- 22ms LINQ - 60毫秒

如果您计划编写一个更通用的解决方案，而不是硬编码字符列表，那么可能值得考虑LINQ或经过修改的方法。LINQ绝对能给你简洁、高可读性的代码——甚至比Regex更好。

Use:

s.erase(std::remove_if(s.begin(), s.end(), my_predicate), s.end());

bool my_predicate(char c)
{
 return !(isalpha(c) || c=='_' || c==' '); // depending on you definition of special characters
}

你会得到一个干净的字符串s。

Erase()将去掉所有特殊字符，并且可以使用my_predicate()函数进行高度自定义。

除非您真的需要从函数中挤出性能，否则就使用最容易维护和理解的方法。正则表达式是这样的:

为了获得额外的性能，您可以预先编译它，或者只是告诉它在第一次调用时编译(后续调用将更快)。

public static string RemoveSpecialCharacters(string str)
{
    return Regex.Replace(str, "[^a-zA-Z0-9_.]+", "", RegexOptions.Compiled);
}

正则表达式如下所示:

public string RemoveSpecialChars(string input)
{
    return Regex.Replace(input, @"[^0-9a-zA-Z\._]", string.Empty);
}

但如果性能非常重要，我建议你在选择“正则表达式路径”之前做一些基准测试……

我不确定这是最有效的方法，但对我来说很有效

 Public Function RemoverTildes(stIn As String) As String
    Dim stFormD As String = stIn.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormD)
    Dim sb As New StringBuilder()

    For ich As Integer = 0 To stFormD.Length - 1
        Dim uc As UnicodeCategory = CharUnicodeInfo.GetUnicodeCategory(stFormD(ich))
        If uc <> UnicodeCategory.NonSpacingMark Then
            sb.Append(stFormD(ich))
        End If
    Next
    Return (sb.ToString().Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormC))
End Function

I had to do something similar for work, but in my case I had to filter all that is not a letter, number or whitespace (but you could easily modify it to your needs). The filtering is done client-side in JavaScript, but for security reasons I am also doing the filtering server-side. Since I can expect most of the strings to be clean, I would like to avoid copying the string unless I really need to. This let my to the implementation below, which should perform better for both clean and dirty strings.

public static string EnsureOnlyLetterDigitOrWhiteSpace(string input)
{
    StringBuilder cleanedInput = null;
    for (var i = 0; i < input.Length; ++i)
    {
        var currentChar = input[i];
        var charIsValid = char.IsLetterOrDigit(currentChar) || char.IsWhiteSpace(currentChar);

        if (charIsValid)
        {
            if(cleanedInput != null)
                cleanedInput.Append(currentChar);
        }
        else
        {
            if (cleanedInput != null) continue;
            cleanedInput = new StringBuilder();
            if (i > 0)
                cleanedInput.Append(input.Substring(0, i));
        }
    }

    return cleanedInput == null ? input : cleanedInput.ToString();
}