斯威夫特4.2

Swift 4.2在标准库中包含了一个原生的、功能相当全的随机数API。(Swift Evolution提案SE-0202)

let intBetween0to9 = Int.random(in: 0...9) 
let doubleBetween0to1 = Double.random(in: 0...1)

所有的数字类型都有静态随机数(in:)，它接受范围并返回给定范围内的随机数

这里有一个库可以很好地完成这项工作 https://github.com/thellimist/SwiftRandom

public extension Int {
    /// SwiftRandom extension
    public static func random(lower: Int = 0, _ upper: Int = 100) -> Int {
        return lower + Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(upper - lower + 1)))
    }
}

public extension Double {
    /// SwiftRandom extension
    public static func random(lower: Double = 0, _ upper: Double = 100) -> Double {
        return (Double(arc4random()) / 0xFFFFFFFF) * (upper - lower) + lower
    }
}

public extension Float {
    /// SwiftRandom extension
    public static func random(lower: Float = 0, _ upper: Float = 100) -> Float {
        return (Float(arc4random()) / 0xFFFFFFFF) * (upper - lower) + lower
    }
}

public extension CGFloat {
    /// SwiftRandom extension
    public static func random(lower: CGFloat = 0, _ upper: CGFloat = 1) -> CGFloat {
        return CGFloat(Float(arc4random()) / Float(UINT32_MAX)) * (upper - lower) + lower
    }
}

细节

xCode 9.1, Swift 4

面向数学的解(1)

import Foundation

class Random {

    subscript<T>(_ min: T, _ max: T) -> T where T : BinaryInteger {
        get {
            return rand(min-1, max+1)
        }
    }
}

let rand = Random()

func rand<T>(_ min: T, _ max: T) -> T where T : BinaryInteger {
    let _min = min + 1
    let difference = max - _min
    return T(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(difference))) + _min
}

溶液使用方法(1)

let x = rand(-5, 5)       // x = [-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
let x = rand[0, 10]       // x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

面向程序员的解决方案(2)

不要忘记在这里添加面向数学的解决方案(1)代码

import Foundation

extension CountableRange where Bound : BinaryInteger {

    var random: Bound {
        return rand(lowerBound-1, upperBound)
    }
}

extension CountableClosedRange where Bound : BinaryInteger {

    var random: Bound {
        return rand[lowerBound, upperBound]
    }
}

溶液使用方法(2)

let x = (-8..<2).random           // x = [-8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1]
let x = (0..<10).random           // x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
let x = (-10 ... -2).random       // x = [-10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2]

完整的样品

不要忘记在这里添加溶液(1)和溶液(2)的代码

private func generateRandNums(closure:()->(Int)) {

    var allNums = Set<Int>()
    for _ in 0..<100 {
        allNums.insert(closure())
    }
    print(allNums.sorted{ $0 < $1 })
}

generateRandNums {
    (-8..<2).random
}

generateRandNums {
    (0..<10).random
}

generateRandNums {
    (-10 ... -2).random
}

generateRandNums {
    rand(-5, 5)
}
generateRandNums {
    rand[0, 10]
}

样品结果

对于0到n-1之间的随机整数，使用arc4random_uniform(n)。

let diceRoll = Int(arc4random_uniform(6) + 1)

将结果转换为Int，这样你就不必显式地将你的vars类型为UInt32(这看起来不像swifty)。

我使用了下面的代码:

var k: Int = random() % 10;

Xcode 14, swift 5

public extension Array where Element == Int {
    static func generateNonRepeatedRandom(size: Int) -> [Int] {
        guard size > 0 else {
            return [Int]()
        }
        return Array(0..<size).shuffled()
    }
}

使用方法:

let array = Array.generateNonRepeatedRandom(size: 15)
print(array)

输出