单例模式确保只创建一个类的实例。我如何在达特建立这个?
当前回答
使用空安全操作符和工厂构造函数可以更好地创建单例对象。
class Singleton {
static Singleton? _instance;
Singleton._internal();
factory Singleton() => _instance ??= Singleton._internal();
void someMethod() {
print("someMethod Called");
}
}
用法:
void main() {
Singleton object = Singleton();
object.someMethod(); /// Output: someMethod Called
}
注意:? ?是一个Null感知操作符,如果左边值为Null,它将返回右边的值,这意味着在我们的例子中_instance ??Singleton._internal();, Singleton._internal()将在第一次调用object时返回,rest _instance将返回。
其他回答
你好,这样的东西怎么样?非常简单的实现,Injector本身是单例的,并且还添加了类。当然可以很容易地扩展。如果您正在寻找更复杂的东西,请检查这个包:https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/flutter_simple_dependency_injection
void main() {
Injector injector = Injector();
injector.add(() => Person('Filip'));
injector.add(() => City('New York'));
Person person = injector.get<Person>();
City city = injector.get<City>();
print(person.name);
print(city.name);
}
class Person {
String name;
Person(this.name);
}
class City {
String name;
City(this.name);
}
typedef T CreateInstanceFn<T>();
class Injector {
static final Injector _singleton = Injector._internal();
final _factories = Map<String, dynamic>();
factory Injector() {
return _singleton;
}
Injector._internal();
String _generateKey<T>(T type) {
return '${type.toString()}_instance';
}
void add<T>(CreateInstanceFn<T> createInstance) {
final typeKey = _generateKey(T);
_factories[typeKey] = createInstance();
}
T get<T>() {
final typeKey = _generateKey(T);
T instance = _factories[typeKey];
if (instance == null) {
print('Cannot find instance for type $typeKey');
}
return instance;
}
}
使用空安全操作符和工厂构造函数可以更好地创建单例对象。
class Singleton {
static Singleton? _instance;
Singleton._internal();
factory Singleton() => _instance ??= Singleton._internal();
void someMethod() {
print("someMethod Called");
}
}
用法:
void main() {
Singleton object = Singleton();
object.someMethod(); /// Output: someMethod Called
}
注意:? ?是一个Null感知操作符,如果左边值为Null,它将返回右边的值,这意味着在我们的例子中_instance ??Singleton._internal();, Singleton._internal()将在第一次调用object时返回,rest _instance将返回。
实例化后不能更改对象的单例
class User {
final int age;
final String name;
User({
this.name,
this.age
});
static User _instance;
static User getInstance({name, age}) {
if(_instance == null) {
_instance = User(name: name, age: age);
return _instance;
}
return _instance;
}
}
print(User.getInstance(name: "baidu", age: 24).age); //24
print(User.getInstance(name: "baidu 2").name); // is not changed //baidu
print(User.getInstance()); // {name: "baidu": age 24}
在阅读了所有的选项后,我想到了这个,这让我想起了一个“经典的单例”:
class AccountService {
static final _instance = AccountService._internal();
AccountService._internal();
static AccountService getInstance() {
return _instance;
}
}
这就是我如何在我的项目中实现单例
灵感来自flutter firebase => FirebaseFirestore.instance.collection('collectionName')
class FooAPI {
foo() {
// some async func to api
}
}
class SingletonService {
FooAPI _fooAPI;
static final SingletonService _instance = SingletonService._internal();
static SingletonService instance = SingletonService();
factory SingletonService() {
return _instance;
}
SingletonService._internal() {
// TODO: add init logic if needed
// FOR EXAMPLE API parameters
}
void foo() async {
await _fooAPI.foo();
}
}
void main(){
SingletonService.instance.foo();
}
来自我的项目的例子
class FirebaseLessonRepository implements LessonRepository {
FirebaseLessonRepository._internal();
static final _instance = FirebaseLessonRepository._internal();
static final instance = FirebaseLessonRepository();
factory FirebaseLessonRepository() => _instance;
var lessonsCollection = fb.firestore().collection('lessons');
// ... other code for crud etc ...
}
// then in my widgets
FirebaseLessonRepository.instance.someMethod(someParams);